{"id":20948,"date":"2024-11-24T21:04:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-24T21:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/?p=20948"},"modified":"2024-12-05T15:54:10","modified_gmt":"2024-12-05T15:54:10","slug":"christmas-tree-tradition-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/christmas-tree-tradition-history\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pps-series-post-details pps-series-post-details-variant-classic pps-series-post-details-67899\" data-series-id=\"209\"><div class=\"pps-series-meta-content\"><div class=\"pps-series-meta-text\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a 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\u0643\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \"\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\" \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2020\u060c \u0635 316-326). \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 (Kahveci, 2012, pp. 8\u201314). \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 (Baynes, 1948, pp. 34\u201335).<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0642 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0643\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 (Baynes, 1948, pp. 34\u201335).<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c 25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (Kozhukhar, 2022). \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0635\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 (Harris, 1975, pp. 76\u201377).<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0645<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 (Swank, 2013, p. 129).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 (Hooke, 2011).<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0639. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0643. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d. \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (Harris, 1975, pp. 76\u201377).<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0643. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643 \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062e\u0630 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u063a\u0635\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0643 \u2013 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064b \u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d. \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0636\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d (Proskurin et al., 2020, pp. 316\u2013326).<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0635\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631) \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644 (Kahveci, 2012, pp. 8\u201314).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0634\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0633. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 (Harris, 1975, pp. 76\u201377).<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 (Swank, 2013, p. 129).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 (Secreti, 2016).<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Hor\u00c3\u00a1\u00c4 ek, 2012).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632. \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062e\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Bartholomaeus, 2014, p. 198).<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627. \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 (Bartholomaeus, 2014, p. 198).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0645\u0632\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646 (Baynes, 1948, pp. 34\u201335).<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0645 (Secreti, 2016).<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0632\u0639\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (Hor\u00c3\u00a1\u00c4 ek, 2012).<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0639\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627 10: 1-5\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 (Schwindt, 2007, pp. 64\u201391).<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062d.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pps-series-post-details pps-series-post-details-variant-classic pps-series-post-details-67899 pps-series-meta-excerpt\" data-series-id=\"209\"><div class=\"pps-series-meta-content\"><div class=\"pps-series-meta-text\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 7 \u0645\u0646 42 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/series\/christmas\/\">\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[39],"tags":[210],"series":[209],"class_list":["post-20948","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-christian-education","tag-christmas-series","series-christmas"],"mb":[],"acf":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/the-christmas-tree-its-history-symbolism-and-meaning-for-christians.webp?fit=1920%2C1080&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":20955,"url":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/christian-significance-christmas-bells\/","url_meta":{"origin":20948,"position":0},"title":"Symbols of Christmas: Bells, Lights, Wreaths, and Their Christian Meanings","author":"Christian Pure Team","date":"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 27, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Explore the Christian significance of Christmas symbols: bells, lights, wreaths, and trees. Discover their spiritual meanings and biblical connections.","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a &quot;Christian Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Christian Education","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/category\/christian-education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/symbols-of-christmas-bells-lights-wreaths-and-their-christian-meanings.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/symbols-of-christmas-bells-lights-wreaths-and-their-christian-meanings.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/symbols-of-christmas-bells-lights-wreaths-and-their-christian-meanings.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/symbols-of-christmas-bells-lights-wreaths-and-their-christian-meanings.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/symbols-of-christmas-bells-lights-wreaths-and-their-christian-meanings.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":20941,"url":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/pagan-origins-christmas-tree\/","url_meta":{"origin":20948,"position":1},"title":"Biblical Debates: Are Christmas Trees Linked to Pagan Traditions?","author":"Christian Pure Team","date":"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 28, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Explore the fascinating pagan origins and Christian adaptation of Christmas tree traditions, from ancient customs to modern celebrations. Discover deep symbolism in the evergreen's enduring legacy.","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a &quot;Biblical Debates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Biblical Debates","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/category\/biblical-debates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-are-christmas-trees-linked-to-pagan-traditions.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-are-christmas-trees-linked-to-pagan-traditions.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-are-christmas-trees-linked-to-pagan-traditions.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-are-christmas-trees-linked-to-pagan-traditions.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-are-christmas-trees-linked-to-pagan-traditions.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":20924,"url":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/evidence-christmas-pagan-origins\/","url_meta":{"origin":20948,"position":2},"title":"Biblical Debates: Did Christians Steal Christmas from Pagans?","author":"Christian Pure Team","date":"\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 27, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Explore the complex history of Christmas, from pagan origins to Christian traditions, and discover how customs gained new meanings.","rel":"","context":"\u0641\u064a &quot;Biblical Debates&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Biblical Debates","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/category\/biblical-debates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-did-christians-steal-christmas-from-pagans.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-did-christians-steal-christmas-from-pagans.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-did-christians-steal-christmas-from-pagans.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-did-christians-steal-christmas-from-pagans.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/christianpure.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/biblical-debates-did-christians-steal-christmas-from-pagans.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":20936,"url":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/jeremiah-10-decorated-trees\/","url_meta":{"origin":20948,"position":3},"title":"Bible Study: Does the Bible Say Anything About Christmas Trees? 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