{"id":2628,"date":"2024-05-24T18:59:47","date_gmt":"2024-05-24T18:59:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/protestant-or-episcopalian\/"},"modified":"2024-12-21T18:38:54","modified_gmt":"2024-12-21T18:38:54","slug":"protestant-or-episcopalian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/protestant-or-episcopalian\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u061f \u0627\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\" (via media) \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (Harris, 2019). \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0643\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Carter, 2004, pp. 80\u201390). \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0647\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Burnam, 2012, pp. 47\u201359).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u062a (Li, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644. \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639 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\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 (Harris, 2019). \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0640 39\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a (Gatiss, 2020, pp. 25\u201349).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0629 \"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u064b\" \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\" \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\" \u0623\u0648 \"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\" \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (Brittain &amp; McKinnon, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0647. \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0632\u0642\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 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\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 - \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 - \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\" \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0631\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1789\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a (Dalcho, 2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0628\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (Brittain &amp; McKinnon, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0631\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1976 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2003 (Burnam, 2012, pp. 47\u201359). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f - \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At the heart of Episcopal belief is the Nicene Creed, affirming the Trinity and the divinity of Christ. This foundational doctrine is shared with Protestant churches. But Episcopalians tend to allow more latitude in interpreting other doctrines, embracing what they call \u201ccomprehensiveness\u201d \u2013 unity in essentials, liberty in non-essentials (Brittain &amp; McKinnon, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \"\u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0644\" \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\" (sola scriptura) \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Gatiss, 2020, pp. 25\u201349).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u062a (Li, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Carter, 2004, pp. 80\u201390).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 (Burnam, 2012, pp. 47\u201359).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But we must remember that there is diversity within both Episcopal and Protestant traditions. Some Episcopal parishes may be more \u201clow church\u201d and Protestant in style, while others embrace a more Catholic ethos (Brittain &amp; McKinnon, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0623\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 (Li, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\" \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a (Li, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 (Piri, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641) \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \"\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\". \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 (Harris, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0627\u064b (Burnam, 2012, pp. 47\u201359).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 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\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629. (Avis, 2018, pp. 103\u2013106)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629. (Bonner, 2003, p. 298)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631. (Worthen, 2023, pp. 90\u2013105)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c \"\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\" - \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Episcopal views on authority have evolved over time. In the 19th century, there were heated debates between high church and low church factions over the nature of episcopal authority. Today, most Episcopalians embrace a via media or middle way between more Catholic and Protestant extremes.(Mead &amp; Martinez, 2023, pp. 290\u2013309)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u0640 \"\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0633\u0631\" \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639. \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 (\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 (\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. (Any Other Name : Attempts at Classifying North American Protestant Worship, 2014)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0630\u0628\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0638. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \"\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\" \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0638<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629. (Aird, 1963, pp. 85\u201385)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \"\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\" \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\"\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\". \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \"\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629\" - \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644 (\u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u064a\" \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0625\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 96 \u0645) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0625\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 110 \u0645) \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629. (Hinson, 1966, pp. 486\u2013487)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 - \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646. (Young, 2020, pp. 399\u2013403)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 - \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0627\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. (Daley, 2009, pp. 29\u201346)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0643\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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(Morrissey, 2022)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0647\u062c \"\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\" \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 (via media) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648-\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629. (Fahey, 2008, pp. 134\u2013147) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 <a href=\"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/ar\/learn\/differences-beliefs-god-mormons-catholics\/\">\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/a>, \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \"\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\" \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b. 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\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647. (Fahey, 2008, pp. 134\u2013147)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0643\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 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