Para muitos de n\u00f3s, a B\u00edblia \u00e9 uma fonte de conforto, orienta\u00e7\u00e3o e verdade que transforma vidas. Seguramo-la nas nossas m\u00e3os, sentimos o seu peso familiar e viramos as suas p\u00e1ginas para ouvir a voz de Deus. Mas j\u00e1 alguma vez parou para pensar na incr\u00edvel jornada que este livro percorreu ao longo da hist\u00f3ria? Como \u00e9 que estas cartas, profecias e hist\u00f3rias espec\u00edficas se juntaram para formar o volume \u00fanico que valorizamos hoje? Esta quest\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 um motivo para d\u00favida; \u00e9 um belo convite de Deus para ver a Sua m\u00e3o fiel a trabalhar ao longo de milhares de anos.<\/p>\n
A B\u00edblia n\u00e3o caiu do c\u00e9u, completa e encadernada em couro. Nem foi montada por um comit\u00e9 secreto numa sala escura. A verdade \u00e9 muito mais maravilhosa. A B\u00edblia \u00e9 uma biblioteca divina, uma cole\u00e7\u00e3o de livros sagrados escritos ao longo de 1.500 anos por mais de 40 autores diferentes, todos inspirados por Deus.\u00b9 A hist\u00f3ria de como estes livros foram reunidos e reconhecidos pelo povo de Deus \u00e9 chamada a hist\u00f3ria do<\/p>\n
canon<\/strong>. \u00c9 uma das hist\u00f3rias mais poderosas e que confirmam a f\u00e9 na hist\u00f3ria, revelando um Deus que n\u00e3o s\u00f3 fala a Sua Palavra, mas tamb\u00e9m a preserva cuidadosamente para os Seus filhos.<\/p>\n This article will take you on that journey. We will explore what the \"canon\" is, how the Old Testament was formed and trusted by Jesus Himself, what prompted the need for a New Testament, and how the early guided by the Holy Spirit, recognized the books that would shape lives for millennia.<\/p>\n To understand how the Bible was put together, we first need to understand the word \"canon.\" The term comes from the Greek word kan\u014dn<\/em>, which originally meant a \"reed\" or a \"measuring stick\".\u00b3 In the ancient world, a reed was a tool for measuring, a standard of straightness and accuracy. For early Christians, this word became the perfect metaphor for the collection of books that \"measured up\" to the standard of being God's inspired and authoritative Word. The canon is the official list of books that serve as our \"rule of faith and life\".\u2075<\/p>\n It\u2019s essential to remember that the Bible is not a single book but a library\u2014an anthology of writings that tell one grand, overarching story of God's redemption.\u00b2 Protestant Bibles contain 66 distinct books, written in various genres like history, poetry, law, prophecy, and personal letters, by a diverse group of people over many centuries.\u00b2 The canon is simply the recognized collection of these specific books.<\/p>\n This leads to one of the most important and faith-building truths about the Bible's formation. The Church did not create<\/em> o c\u00e2none no sentido de que ela fez<\/em> certos livros como santos. Pelo contr\u00e1rio, a Igreja, atrav\u00e9s de um longo processo de uso em ora\u00e7\u00e3o e discernimento guiado pelo Esp\u00edrito, reconhecido<\/em> a autoridade divina que j\u00e1 estava presente nestes escritos inspirados por Deus.\u2074 Os livros foram inclu\u00eddos no c\u00e2none porque foram inspirados por Deus; n\u00e3o foram inspirados por Deus porque foram inclu\u00eddos no c\u00e2none.\u00b9\u2070 Esta distin\u00e7\u00e3o poderosa refuta a ideia c\u00ednica de que a B\u00edblia foi meramente uma inven\u00e7\u00e3o humana criada para consolidar o poder.\u00b9\u00b9 Deus foi o autor, e o Seu povo foi quem reconheceu a Sua voz.<\/p>\n The very idea of a \"canon\" as a fixed measuring stick implies a finished and complete collection. The process of canonization was a process of closing the list of authoritative books to clearly distinguish God's Word from the many other religious writings that were circulating at the time.\u2078 For the Christian holding a Bible today, this provides a powerful sense of security. The Bible is not an open-ended collection that might change tomorrow. It is a complete and finished revelation, a \"faith that was once for all delivered to the saints,\" a sacred trust we can depend on completely.\u00b9\u2070<\/p>\n The Old Testament did not appear all at once. Its 39 books were written over a vast stretch of time, more than a thousand years from roughly 1400 B.C. To 400 B.C..\u00b9\u2070 The process of its recognition as Scripture began with its very first writings. Foundational texts, like the Law of Moses (the Torah or Pentateuch), were accepted as God's Word from the moment they were written. The book of Deuteronomy even records Moses commanding the Levites to place \"this Book of the Law\u2026beside the ark of the covenant of the LORD\" as a permanent witness.\u00b9\u2074<\/p>\n A beautiful clue to its formation lies in the traditional three-part structure used by the Jewish people: The Law (Torah), the Prophets (Nevi'im), and the Writings (Ketuvim).\u2076 This division likely reflects the historical stages of how these collections were recognized as sacred. The Law was accepted by the 5th century B.C.; the Prophets were gathered and accepted next, by the 3rd or 2nd century B.C.; and finally, the Writings were fully recognized by the time of Jesus and the early church in the 1st century A.D..\u2077<\/p>\n By the time Jesus was born in Bethlehem, the canon of the Old Testament was already settled and accepted. We have powerful evidence for this. The first-century Jewish historian Flavius Josephus described a canon of 22 books (which corresponds to our 39 books, as some were grouped together, like 1 and 2 Kings) and stated that \"no one has been so bold as either to add anything to them, or take anything from them, or to make any change in them\" for many centuries.\u00b9\u00b2 the existence of the Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures made around 250-200 B.C., shows that these books were already revered and needed to be made accessible to the wider, Greek-speaking Jewish world.\u2076<\/p>\n For a long time, it was thought that a \"Council of Jamnia\" around A.D.\u2079\u2070 formally closed the Jewish canon. While scholars today see this less as a single, decisive council and more as a confirmation of what was already universally accepted, it still points to the same truth: the Old Testament canon was firmly in place by the first century.\u2076<\/p>\n This stability is a powerful anchor for our faith. The Old Testament was not a Christian invention or a collection of books retroactively assembled to fit a Christian story. It was the received Word of God, inherited directly from the Jewish faith. When Jesus and His disciples spoke of \"the Scriptures,\" they were referring to this known, established, and trusted body of work.\u00b9\u2075 This gives the Christian reader a powerful sense of continuity and historical rootedness, knowing that the foundation of their faith is not built on shifting sand but on the ancient and unchanging Word of God.<\/p>\n Embora as evid\u00eancias hist\u00f3ricas para o c\u00e2none do Antigo Testamento sejam fortes, a raz\u00e3o final pela qual os crist\u00e3os confiam nestes 39 livros \u00e9 muito mais pessoal e poderosa: o pr\u00f3prio Jesus Cristo confiou neles. Durante todo o Seu minist\u00e9rio, Jesus tratou o Antigo Testamento como a Palavra de Deus viva, ativa e inquebr\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n He quoted from it to defeat Satan in the wilderness (Matthew 4:1-11). He declared its divine authority when He said, \"Scripture cannot be broken\" (John 10:35). He taught that the entire Old Testament was ultimately about Him, telling the religious leaders, \"You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me\" (John 5:39).<\/p>\n The most powerful moment of affirmation came after His resurrection. Walking with two disciples on the road to Emmaus, Jesus opened their minds to understand the Bible. Beginning with \"the Law of Moses and all the Prophets,\" He interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning Himself (Luke 24:27). Later, appearing to all the disciples, He gave His definitive stamp of approval on the entire collection, saying, \"Everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled\" (Luke 24:44).\u00b2 In that moment, Jesus personally ratified the complete three-part canon of the Old Testament that the Church would forever cherish.<\/p>\n The apostles followed their Master's lead without hesitation. Their preaching in the book of Acts and their letters to the churches are saturated with the Old Testament. They did not see their own message as something new, but as the fulfillment of everything God had promised in the Scriptures.\u00b9\u2077 In a remarkable passage, the apostle Peter refers to Paul's letters and puts them on the same level as the \"other Scriptures\" (2 Peter 3:15-16).\u00b2 This shows that from the very beginning, the apostles understood that God was creating a new body of inspired writings to stand alongside the Old Testament.<\/p>\n Para o crist\u00e3o, isto muda tudo. A nossa confian\u00e7a no Antigo Testamento n\u00e3o se baseia apenas no consenso hist\u00f3rico, por mais forte que seja. Baseia-se na autoridade divina de Jesus Cristo. Confiamos no Antigo Testamento porque Jesus confiou nele. Isto transforma uma discuss\u00e3o acad\u00e9mica numa garantia de f\u00e9 profundamente pessoal.<\/p>\n In the first decades after Jesus's resurrection, the ultimate authority for Christians was not a book, but a person\u2014or rather, a group of people. The \"canon\" was the living, breathing testimony of the apostles, the men who had walked with Jesus, heard His teaching, and witnessed His return from the dead.\u2074 Their oral teaching was the final word. But as the Church grew and time passed, several critical challenges arose that created an urgent need to formally recognize a collection of written works.<\/p>\n Os ap\u00f3stolos e os seus disc\u00edpulos come\u00e7aram a falecer. \u00c0 medida que a gera\u00e7\u00e3o das testemunhas oculares desaparecia, a Igreja precisava de um registo permanente, confi\u00e1vel e imut\u00e1vel do seu ensino para guardar a f\u00e9 para todas as gera\u00e7\u00f5es futuras.\u2074<\/p>\n A Igreja enfrentou ondas de persegui\u00e7\u00e3o brutal. Sob imperadores romanos como Diocleciano no in\u00edcio dos anos 300, possuir Escrituras crist\u00e3s era um crime capital.\u2074 Os crentes foram for\u00e7ados a decidir quais os livros que eram a verdadeira Palavra de Deus \u2014 dignos de sofrer e morrer por eles \u2014 e quais eram apenas escritos \u00fateis ou devocionais. Esta situa\u00e7\u00e3o de vida ou morte tornou a quest\u00e3o do c\u00e2none intensamente pr\u00e1tica.<\/p>\n The most major catalyst, But was the rise of heresy. Around A.D. 140, a wealthy teacher named Marcion began to spread a dangerous teaching. He claimed that the God of the Old Testament was an evil, judgmental creator-god, and that Jesus had been sent by a different, loving God to save humanity from him.\u2074 To support his twisted theology, Marcion created his own \"bible.\" He threw out the entire Old Testament and compiled a canon consisting only of a heavily edited Gospel of Luke and ten of Paul's letters, from which he had surgically removed any positive reference to the Old Testament or Jesus's Jewish heritage.\u2074<\/p>\n Marcion's canon was a direct attack on the heart of the Christian faith. It forced the orthodox Church to stand up and respond by defining, with greater clarity than ever before, which books truly<\/em> que carregavam a autoridade dos ap\u00f3stolos e representavam a \u00fanica f\u00e9 verdadeira.\u2074 O c\u00e2none do Novo Testamento n\u00e3o foi forjado nos corredores silenciosos de uma biblioteca, mas nas chamas da adversidade. Foi um ato necess\u00e1rio de defesa, uma forma de proteger o precioso evangelho de Jesus Cristo de ser corrompido e perdido. Na Sua sabedoria, Deus usou os pr\u00f3prios ataques dos Seus inimigos para realizar o Seu prop\u00f3sito de preservar a Sua verdadeira Palavra para sempre.<\/p>\n O processo de reconhecimento dos livros do Novo Testamento n\u00e3o foi como seguir uma lista de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o r\u00edgida. Foi um discernimento gradual, guiado pelo Esp\u00edrito, que se desenrolou ao longo de s\u00e9culos, \u00e0 medida que igrejas em todo o mundo usavam, estudavam e oravam sobre estes escritos. Ao faz\u00ea-lo, foram guiadas por tr\u00eas princ\u00edpios fundamentais que as ajudaram a reconhecer a voz aut\u00eantica de Deus.\u2074<\/p>\n Ros\u00e1rio inteiro<\/em> body of Christ, guiding all of God's people together toward a unified recognition of His Word.\u2079<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n These three principles are not an arbitrary list; they are deeply interconnected and flow from one foundational truth: Jesus Christ entrusted His message to His apostles. The apostles' connection to Jesus gives us the principle of Apostolicity<\/strong>. The apostles' core teaching gives us the principle of ortodoxia<\/strong>. E a aceita\u00e7\u00e3o universal desse ensino pelas igrejas que os ap\u00f3stolos fundaram d\u00e1-nos o princ\u00edpio da Catholicity<\/strong>. This provides a powerful and logical answer to the question, \"How can we know they got it right?\" The process was not random. It was a coherent, Spirit-led effort to remain faithful to the person and teaching of Jesus, as passed down by His chosen messengers.<\/p>\n A hist\u00f3ria do c\u00e2none do Novo Testamento \u00e9 uma hist\u00f3ria de consenso crescente, marcada por momentos-chave e indiv\u00edduos fi\u00e9is que Deus usou para trazer clareza \u00e0 Sua Igreja.<\/p>\n Uma das descobertas mais emocionantes na hist\u00f3ria crist\u00e3 \u00e9 um manuscrito latino esfarrapado chamado Fragmento Muratoriano, encontrado numa biblioteca em Mil\u00e3o, It\u00e1lia.\u00b2\u00b3 Embora a c\u00f3pia em si date do s\u00e9culo VIII, os estudiosos acreditam que \u00e9 uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de um documento grego muito anterior de Roma, escrito por volta de 170-200 d.C..\u00b2\u00b3 Este fragmento cont\u00e9m a lista mais antiga conhecida de livros do Novo Testamento. Mesmo nesta data incrivelmente precoce, afirma os quatro Evangelhos, os Atos dos Ap\u00f3stolos, treze cartas de Paulo, Judas, 1 e 2 Jo\u00e3o e o Apocalipse \u2014 uma cole\u00e7\u00e3o central notavelmente pr\u00f3xima do nosso Novo Testamento final.\u00b2\u2075 Tamb\u00e9m avisa explicitamente contra e rejeita escritos her\u00e9ticos, mostrando que a Igreja j\u00e1 estava a discernir ativamente entre evangelhos verdadeiros e falsos.\u00b2\u00b3<\/p>\n Athanasius was a bishop in Alexandria, Egypt, in the 4th century and a true hero of the faith. He spent his life courageously defending the truth that Jesus Christ is fully God against the widespread Arian heresy.\u00b2\u2076 In the year 367, as was the custom, Athanasius wrote an Easter letter to the churches under his care. In this 39th \"Festal Letter,\" he did something historic. For the first time, he listed the 27 books of the New Testament\u2014exactly the same 27 books we have in our Bibles today\u2014and declared them to be the exclusive \"springs of salvation\" and the sole canon of the faith.\u2075 This was not a new invention or a personal decree; it was Athanasius articulating the consensus that had been solidifying in the Church for generations, especially in the influential Christian center of Alexandria.\u00b2\u2076<\/p>\n Deus tamb\u00e9m usou mentes brilhantes para ajudar a consolidar o c\u00e2none. Por volta de 400 d.C., um grande estudioso chamado Jer\u00f3nimo foi incumbido de criar uma tradu\u00e7\u00e3o latina padr\u00e3o da B\u00edblia, que ficou conhecida como a Vulgata.\u00b2\u2079 O seu trabalho foi monumental na forma\u00e7\u00e3o da B\u00edblia para a igreja ocidental durante os mil anos seguintes. Ao mesmo tempo, Agostinho de Hipona, talvez o maior te\u00f3logo da hist\u00f3ria da igreja, foi uma voz l\u00edder em v\u00e1rios conc\u00edlios regionais da igreja no Norte de \u00c1frica, especificamente em Hipona (393 d.C.) e Cartago (397 e 419 d.C.).\u00b3\u00b9 Estes conc\u00edlios ratificaram formalmente o c\u00e2none do Novo Testamento de 27 livros que Atan\u00e1sio tinha listado.\u00b3\u00b3 Eles n\u00e3o estavam a criar algo novo, mas a afirmar oficialmente a vontade estabelecida da Igreja.<\/p>\n This historical progression shows the beautiful, organic way the Holy Spirit worked. It was not a power grab by one person or council. It was the across the world and across generations, coming to a unified mind about what constituted God's Holy Word. This builds our confidence that the New Testament we hold today is a gift from God, not just a decision of men.<\/p>\n A Igreja Cat\u00f3lica tra\u00e7a a sua compreens\u00e3o do c\u00e2none b\u00edblico at\u00e9 \u00e0 mesma hist\u00f3ria antiga, apontando para os conc\u00edlios de Roma (382 d.C.), Hipona (393 d.C.) e Cartago (397 d.C.) como momentos fundamentais em que a lista de livros inspirados foi afirmada.\u00b3\u00b3 A principal diferen\u00e7a entre as B\u00edblias Cat\u00f3lica e Protestante reside no Antigo Testamento.<\/p>\n The Catholic Old Testament includes seven books\u2014Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (also called Ecclesiasticus), Baruch, and 1 and 2 Maccabees\u2014as well as longer versions of the books of Esther and Daniel. These are not found in the Protestant Old Testament.\u00b9\u00b2 Catholics refer to these books as the \"Deuterocanonical\" books, meaning \"second canon.\" This term does not imply they are less inspired, but simply acknowledges that their acceptance into the canon was debated for longer than the \"Protocanonical\" books of the Hebrew Bible.\u00b3\u2077 Protestants, generally following the scholarship of Jerome who preferred the original Hebrew canon, refer to these books as the \"Apocrypha,\" meaning \"hidden\".\u2076<\/p>\n Esta diferen\u00e7a atingiu o seu auge durante a Reforma Protestante no s\u00e9culo XVI. L\u00edderes como Martinho Lutero questionaram a autoridade dos livros Deuterocan\u00f3nicos, em parte porque algumas passagens eram usadas para apoiar doutrinas cat\u00f3licas como ora\u00e7\u00f5es pelos mortos (encontradas em 2 Macabeus 12:46).\u2076<\/p>\n Em resposta, a Igreja Cat\u00f3lica convocou o Conc\u00edlio de Trento. Em 1546, o conc\u00edlio emitiu um decreto formal, De Canonicis Scripturis<\/em>, que definiu solenemente o c\u00e2none completo de 73 livros (46 no Antigo Testamento, 27 no Novo) como um artigo de f\u00e9 absoluto para todos os cat\u00f3licos.\u00b3\u2079 O conc\u00edlio n\u00e3o se viu como<\/p>\n adding<\/em> these books to the Bible. Instead, it was definitively reaffirming the same list of books that had been included in the earlier councils of Rome, Hippo, and Florence (1442).\u00b3\u2075 Trent's decision was a powerful confirmation of a long-standing tradition in the face of a direct challenge.<\/p>\n Nota: O Tanakh judaico conta os livros de forma diferente (por exemplo, Os Doze Profetas Menores como um livro), resultando num total de 24 livros, mas o conte\u00fado \u00e9 o mesmo que os 39 livros do Antigo Testamento Protestante. Os c\u00e2nones ortodoxos podem variar ligeiramente, mas geralmente incluem todos os livros listados.<\/em> 36<\/p>\n In recent years, there has been a lot of excitement about so-called \"lost books of the Bible.\" But this name is misleading. Books like the Gospel of Thomas were never \"lost\" and then found; scholars have known about them for centuries. They were not accidentally misplaced or maliciously hidden. They were prayerfully considered and intentionally rejected<\/em> pela Igreja primitiva por raz\u00f5es muito boas.\u2074\u00b2<\/p>\n O Evangelho de Tom\u00e9 \u00e9 um estudo de caso perfeito. \u00c9 uma cole\u00e7\u00e3o de 114 supostos ditos de Jesus, mas n\u00e3o cont\u00e9m nenhuma hist\u00f3ria da Sua vida, dos Seus milagres, da Sua morte ou da Sua ressurrei\u00e7\u00e3o.\u2074\u2075 Quando a Igreja primitiva examinou este livro usando os princ\u00edpios orientadores para a canonicidade, ele falhou em todos os testes.<\/p>\n Falhou no teste da Apostolicity<\/strong>. Embora afirme ter sido escrito pelo ap\u00f3stolo Tom\u00e9, os estudiosos concordam que foi escrito muito tarde, provavelmente em meados ou finais do segundo s\u00e9culo (140-180 d.C.), muito depois de os ap\u00f3stolos terem morrido. A Igreja primitiva reconheceu-o universalmente como uma falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o.\u2074\u2077<\/p>\n E, mais importante, falhou no teste da ortodoxia<\/strong>. Its teachings are radically different from the four biblical Gospels. The Gospel of Thomas is a Gnostic text, reflecting a mystical worldview that was completely at odds with Christianity.\u2075\u2070 Gnosticism taught that salvation comes not through faith in Jesus's sacrifice, but through secret knowledge (<\/p>\n gnose<\/em>).\u2075\u00b9 It viewed the physical world as an evil prison to be escaped, not as God's good creation to be redeemed.\u2075\u00b9 Some of its sayings are bizarre and contradict the character of Jesus, such as the claim that women must become male to enter the kingdom of heaven (Saying 114) or that fasting and prayer are sinful (Saying 14).\u2075\u2074<\/p>\n Finalmente, falhou no teste da Catholicity<\/strong>. O Evangelho de Tom\u00e9 nunca foi aceite pela Igreja universal. De facto, os primeiros pais da igreja como Ireneu e Eus\u00e9bio condenaram-no explicitamente como fic\u00e7\u00e3o her\u00e9tica. Nunca foi inclu\u00eddo em nenhuma lista oficial de livros can\u00f3nicos.\u2074\u2079<\/p>\n A Igreja primitiva rejeitou o Evangelho de Tom\u00e9 n\u00e3o porque os seus l\u00edderes tivessem medo do que ele dizia, mas porque sabiam que n\u00e3o era a verdadeira hist\u00f3ria do Jesus que conheciam, amavam e adoravam. Apresenta um Jesus diferente e um evangelho diferente. A escolha de o excluir n\u00e3o foi um ato de censura, mas um ato de prote\u00e7\u00e3o espiritual. A Igreja estava a defender a verdade hist\u00f3rica e vivificante do evangelho de uma filosofia que o teria transformado num mito confuso e n\u00e3o hist\u00f3rico. Estavam a proteger o tesouro, n\u00e3o a esconder a verdade.<\/p>\n The journey of the Bible into our hands is a breathtaking story of God's providence. We see the gradual unfolding of the Old Testament, a collection of Scriptures so trusted that it was ratified by Jesus Christ Himself. We see the birth of the New Testament from the apostles' testimony, forged in the fires of persecution and clarified by the challenges of heresy. We see the Holy Spirit guiding God's people all across the world, over hundreds of years, to recognize and affirm the same collection of books as His holy Word.<\/p>\n A forma\u00e7\u00e3o da B\u00edblia n\u00e3o foi um processo fr\u00e1gil, aleat\u00f3rio ou pol\u00edtico. \u00c9 um testemunho poderoso de um Deus que n\u00e3o s\u00f3 inspira a Sua Palavra, mas tamb\u00e9m a preserva fielmente. Da pr\u00f3xima vez que pegar na sua B\u00edblia, segure-a com um renovado sentido de admira\u00e7\u00e3o e gratid\u00e3o. N\u00e3o \u00e9 apenas um livro antigo. \u00c9 uma biblioteca divina, um dep\u00f3sito sagrado e a Palavra viva de Deus, fielmente entregue nas suas m\u00e3os pelo Deus que o ama.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Descubra como o c\u00e2none da B\u00edblia foi formado e os principais eventos que moldaram a sua cole\u00e7\u00e3o ao longo da hist\u00f3ria. Saiba mais!<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":54899,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-54762","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-christian-education"],"mb":[],"acf":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/api.robolly.com\/templates\/656df2bd6a094828c339896d\/render.jpg?dl&scale=1&image=https%3A%2F%2Fchristianpure.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fblogimg%2FV7-1920%2F2%2FArchangels_in_triumphant_glory_in_the_style_of_Fer__00731.webp&titleBG=%23006073E6&title=How%20and%20when%20was%20the%20canon%20of%20the%20Bible%20put%20together%3F","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"mfb_rest_fields":["title","jetpack_publicize_connections","jetpack_featured_media_url","jetpack-related-posts","jetpack_sharing_enabled"],"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/api.robolly.com\/templates\/656df2bd6a094828c339896d\/render.jpg?dl&scale=1&image=https%3A%2F%2Fchristianpure.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fblogimg%2FV7-1920%2F2%2FArchangels_in_triumphant_glory_in_the_style_of_Fer__00731.webp&titleBG=%23006073E6&title=How%20and%20when%20was%20the%20canon%20of%20the%20Bible%20put%20together%3F","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54762","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54762"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54762\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/54899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54762"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54762"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54762"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=54762"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}O que significa que a B\u00edblia tem um \"c\u00e2none\"?<\/h2>\n
Como o Antigo Testamento foi formado e reconhecido?<\/h2>\n
Como Jesus e os Ap\u00f3stolos viam o Antigo Testamento?<\/h2>\n
O que gerou a necessidade de um c\u00e2none do Novo Testamento?<\/h2>\n
Como a Igreja primitiva decidiu quais livros pertenciam ao c\u00e2none?<\/h2>\n
\n
Quem foram as pessoas-chave e quais foram os momentos cruciais na finaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do Novo Testamento?<\/h2>\n
Um Instant\u00e2neo Inicial: O Fragmento Muratoriano<\/h3>\n
O Her\u00f3i da Ortodoxia: Atan\u00e1sio de Alexandria<\/h3>\n
O Estudioso e o Te\u00f3logo: Jer\u00f3nimo e Agostinho<\/h3>\n
Qual \u00e9 a posi\u00e7\u00e3o da Igreja Cat\u00f3lica sobre o c\u00e2none da B\u00edblia?<\/h2>\n
Compara\u00e7\u00e3o dos C\u00e2nones do Antigo Testamento<\/h3>\n
\n\n
\n \n\n Livro\n <\/th>\n \n Judaico (Tanakh)\n <\/th>\n \n Protestant OT\n <\/th>\n \n Catholic OT\n <\/th>\n \n Orthodox OT\n <\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \n A Lei (Tor\u00e1\/Pentateuco)<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n G\u00e9nesis\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Exodus\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Leviticus\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Numbers\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Deuteronomy\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Livros Hist\u00f3ricos<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Joshua\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Judges\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Ruth\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 1 e 2 Samuel\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 1 e 2 Reis\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 1 e 2 Cr\u00f3nicas\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Ezra\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Nehemiah\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Tobias<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Judite<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Ester\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n Yes (longer)\n <\/td>\n \n Yes (longer)\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 1 Macabeus<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 2 Macabeus<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Wisdom Books<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Job\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Salmos\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n Sim (mais Sl 151)\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Proverbs\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Eclesiastes\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Song of Songs\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Sabedoria de Salom\u00e3o<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Sir\u00e1cida (Eclesi\u00e1stico)<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Livros Prof\u00e9ticos<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Isaiah\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Jeremias\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Lamentations\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Baruc<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Ezequiel\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Daniel\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n Yes (longer)\n <\/td>\n \n Yes (longer)\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Os Doze (Profetas Menores)\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n \n sim\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Livros Ortodoxos Adicionais<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n \n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 1 e 2 Esdras<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Ora\u00e7\u00e3o de Manass\u00e9s<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n 3 e 4 Macabeus<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n n\u00e3o\n <\/td>\n \n sim<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \n Total Books<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n 24<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n 39<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n 46<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n \n ~51<\/strong>\n <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Por que livros como o Evangelho de Tom\u00e9 n\u00e3o est\u00e3o na B\u00edblia?<\/h2>\n
Um Sagrado Dep\u00f3sito, Uma Palavra Duradoura<\/h2>\n