{"id":6467,"date":"2024-08-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/?p=6467"},"modified":"2025-07-14T20:17:14","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T20:17:14","slug":"who-were-the-pharisees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/christianpure.com\/zh\/learn\/who-were-the-pharisees\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5723\u7ecf\u5386\u53f2\uff1a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u662f\u8c01\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

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—<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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—<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e0e\u8036\u7a23\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u6311\u6218\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u3001\u5b89\u606f\u65e5\u5b9e\u8df5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u7f6a\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\uff08\u9a6c\u53ef\u798f\u97f3 2:15\u201317\uff0c\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3 5:29\u201332\uff09\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c3c\u54e5\u5e95\u6bcd\uff0c\u4ed6\u5bfb\u6c42\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3 3:1\u201321\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9886\u8896\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6df1\u5207\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u9075\u5faa\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e1d\u4e0d\u82df\u5730\u9075\u5b88\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u8ffd\u6c42\u5723\u6d01\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5723\u7ecf\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6587\u4e86\u5982\u6307\u638c\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u5171\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6df1\u6df1\u624e\u6839\u4e8e\u72b9\u592a\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5728\u6559\u5bfc\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u7ecf\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u8036\u7a23\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u70c8\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8fa9\u8bba\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u6311\u6218\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d85\u8d8a\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u5b57\u9762\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u7231\u3001\u601c\u60af\u548c\u5bbd\u6055\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4ee5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u6761\u4f8b\u76f8\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u60f3\uff1a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e \u5982\u4f55<\/em> \u8ddf\u968f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a23\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/em>. \u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5173\u5fc3\u5916\u5728\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a23\u5173\u5fc3\u5185\u5728\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c0a\u5d07\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5e76\u8fc7\u4e00\u79cd\u516c\u4e49\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u8f7b\u677e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u603b\u662f\u5145\u6ee1\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6311\u6218\u53cc\u65b9\u6210\u957f\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u4ee5\u65b0\u7684\u548c\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u770b\u5f85\u4e0a\u5e1d\u771f\u7406\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7ee7\u7eed\u6fc0\u52b1\u7740\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u6211\u4eec\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u6df1\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff08Wilson, 2022\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8868\u683c\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u4e2d\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/strong><\/th>\u5723\u7ecf\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong><\/td>\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5f8b\u6cd5\u548c\u53e3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6d3e<\/td>\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3 23:2\u20133<\/td><\/tr>
\u4fe1\u4ef0<\/strong><\/td>\u590d\u6d3b\u3001\u53e3\u4f20\u5f8b\u6cd5\u3001\u793c\u4eea\u7eaf\u6d01<\/td>\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20 23:8<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e0e\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/td>\u590d\u6742\uff1b\u7ecf\u5e38\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u6709\u79ef\u6781\u63a5\u89e6<\/td>\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3 3:1\u201321\uff08\u5c3c\u54e5\u5e95\u6bcd\uff09<\/td><\/tr>
\u53cd\u5bf9\u539f\u56e0<\/strong><\/td>\u795e\u5b66\u5206\u6b67\u3001\u6743\u5a01\u5a01\u80c1\u3001\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4eb5\u6e0e<\/td>\u9a6c\u53ef\u798f\u97f3 2:5\u20137<\/td><\/tr>
\u4e0e\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83<\/strong><\/td>\u4e0e\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u53e3\u4f20\u5f8b\u6cd5\u548c\u590d\u6d3b<\/td>\u4f7f\u5f92\u884c\u4f20 23:6\u20138<\/td><\/tr>
\u73b0\u4ee3\u542b\u4e49<\/strong><\/td>\u5728\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8bed\u5883\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u865a\u4f2a\u6216\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8c61\u5f81<\/td>\u8def\u52a0\u798f\u97f3 18:9\u201314<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u53cd\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e3a\u4f55\u53cd\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5ba1\u89c6\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5904\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u72b9\u592a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7eaf\u6d01\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u89c6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u4fe1\u4ef0\u514d\u53d7\u5916\u754c\u8150\u8d25\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u536b\u58eb\uff08Bourgel, 2017, pp. 171\u2013200\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8036\u7a23\u51fa\u73b0\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u9762\u3002\u4ed6\u6311\u6218\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u8d28\u7591\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6587\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u7f6a\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u4eba\u2014\u2014\u7a0e\u540f\u3001\u5993\u5973\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8fb9\u7f18\u4eba\u548c\u88ab\u9057\u5f03\u8005\u2014\u2014\u4ea4\u5f80\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u6b63\u5728\u52a8\u6447\u4ed6\u4eec\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u6839\u57fa\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u5206\u6b67\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u5173\u4e4e\u6743\u529b\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u62e5\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u88ab\u4ed6\u5173\u4e8e\u7231\u4e0e\u6069\u5178\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8fc5\u901f\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u62c5\u5fc3\u5931\u53bb\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u4eec\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff08Taylor, 2000, pp. 299\u2013310\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8036\u7a23\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5f25\u8d5b\u4e9a\u3001\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u770b\u6765\u662f\u4eb5\u6e0e\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6765\u81ea\u62ff\u6492\u52d2\u7684\u5351\u5fae\u6728\u5320\u7adf\u7136\u662f\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u671f\u5f85\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u6551\u4e16\u4e3b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5148\u5165\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u671f\u671b\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u8eab\u4efd\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u4e00\u6982\u800c\u8bba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u662f\u771f\u8bda\u5730\u5bfb\u6c42\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c3c\u54e5\u5e95\u6bcd\u548c\u4e9a\u5229\u9a6c\u592a\u7684\u7ea6\u745f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u6697\u4e2d\u76f8\u4fe1\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u5de5\u548c\u5b89\u846c\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5bf9\u8036\u7a23\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u5bf9\u5931\u53bb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u4ed6\u771f\u5b9e\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u63d0\u9192\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8654\u8bda\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9519\u8fc7\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u771f\u8c1b\uff08Hartin, 2010\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u548c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5c06\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u6b7b\u4eba\u590d\u6d3b\u3001\u5929\u4f7f\u548c\u9b54\u9b3c\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53e3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u666e\u901a\u6c11\u4f17\u4e2d\u5f88\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u5723\u6d01\uff08Facchini, 2019\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u7ef4\u62a4\u5723\u6bbf\u53ca\u5176\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5bcc\u6709\u4e14\u8d35\u65cf\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u796d\u53f8\u9636\u5c42\u548c\u72b9\u592a\u7edf\u6cbb\u673a\u6784\u2014\u2014\u516c\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u6743\u529b\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62d2\u7edd\u53e3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u6210\u6587\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff08\u6258\u62c9\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6743\u5a01\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u5426\u8ba4\u6b7b\u4eba\u590d\u6d3b\u3001\u5929\u4f7f\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u53ca\u4efb\u4f55\u6765\u4e16\uff08Edsall, n.d.\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u66f4\u5177\u8fdb\u6b65\u6027\u548c\u9002\u5e94\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u5219\u66f4\u4fdd\u5b88\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u4f7f\u5f8b\u6cd5\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u800c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u5219\u8bd5\u56fe\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u4e5f\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u4e0e\u7f57\u9a6c\u5f53\u5c40\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u7ef4\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u529b\u548c\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5219\u66f4\u62b5\u5236\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u7ef4\u62a4\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u90fd\u5f88\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\u3002\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u8654\u8bda\u548c\u8ba9\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u5f8b\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5723\u6bbf\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7ecf\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u51b2\u7a81\u548c\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u5851\u9020\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u683c\u5c40\uff08Baloyi, 2010, pp. 1\u20137\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u6b67\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u72b9\u592a\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u5b97\u6559\u8fd0\u52a8\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff09\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d17\u793c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u91cd\u8981\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u7126\u70b9\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u91c7\u7528 \u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5<\/a> \u5f3a\u8c03\u6094\u6539\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u4e49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u3001\u6492\u90fd\u8be5\u4eba\u4e0e\u65b0\u5174\u6559\u6d3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5173\u952e\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d21\u732e\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u4e30\u5bcc\u800c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u56fe\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eca\u5929\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u201c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5723\u7ecf\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6d3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u6469\u897f\u5f8b\u6cd5\u548c\u53e3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u6587\u5316\u538b\u529b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3002\u8036\u7a23\u7ecf\u5e38\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u7f6e\u4e8e\u601c\u60af\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u865a\u4f2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u9519\u5931\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u7231\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff08\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3 23:23-24\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u88ab\u6307\u8d23\u5177\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u5173\u6ce8\u5916\u5728\u8868\u73b0\u3001\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6069\u5178\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u79cd\u5916\u8868\u5149\u9c9c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u57fa\u7763\u5173\u7cfb\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u7684\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4e25\u5389\u8bc4\u5224\u4ed6\u4eba\u672a\u8fbe\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5938\u8000\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5584\u884c\uff0c\u6216\u5c06\u6559\u4f1a\u4f20\u7edf\u7f6e\u4e8e\u7231\u90bb\u820d\u4e4b\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0d\u89c9\u4e2d\u9677\u5165\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bf9\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u5b8c\u7f8e\u9762\u5177\u4e0b\u7684\u5bf9\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u3002\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u6559\u4f1a\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u6761\u800c\u975e\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff1a\u8036\u7a23\u547c\u53ec\u6211\u4eec\u8d70\u4e00\u6761\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8def\u3002\u5728\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3 5:20 \u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u6566\u4fc3\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u62e5\u62b1\u4e00\u9897\u88ab\u7231\u4e0e\u8c26\u5351\u6240\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u6765\u8d85\u8d8a\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7684\u4e49\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7701\u5bdf\u81ea\u5df1\u2014\u2014\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u56fa\u5b88\u89c4\u5219\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6069\u5178\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u6307\u8d23\u4ed6\u4eba\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f38\u51fa\u63f4\u624b\uff1f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e3a\u4e86\u81ea\u521b\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u91cd\u62c5\u800c\u9519\u5931\u4e86\u4e0a\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u559c\u4e50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u601c\u60af\u7684\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6551\u4e3b\u8c26\u5351\u540c\u884c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u56e0\u7231\u800c\u9c9c\u6d3b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5f8b\u6cd5\u3002\u613f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u4e2d\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u5411\u6ce8\u89c6\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u53d1\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u6559\u7236\u5bf9\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u6709\u4f55\u6559\u5bfc\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u4e2d\u63cf\u7ed8\u7684\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u8036\u7a23\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u6559\u7236\u4eec\u5728\u6b64\u53d9\u4e8b\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u521d\u751f\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u7fa4\u4f53\u4f20\u6388\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6559\u8bad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u4f1a\u6559\u7236\uff0c\u5982\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u67e5\u65af\u4e01\u3001\u7231\u4efb\u7ebd\u548c\u91d1\u53e3\u82e5\u671b\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5f15\u7528\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b97\u6559\u865a\u4f2a\u548c\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8b66\u793a\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u67e5\u65af\u4e01\u5728\u4ed6\u7684 \u300a\u4e0e\u7279\u91cc\u4e30\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5f55\u300b\uff08Dialogue with Trypho\uff09<\/em> (\u516c\u51432\u4e16\u7eaa)\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e3a\u62d2\u7edd\u57fa\u7763\u8005\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u56fa\u5b88\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\uff0c\u5374\u9519\u8fc7\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u5bf9\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u6210\u5168\uff08\u7ea6\u7ff0\u798f\u97f3 5:39-40\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u6566\u4fc3\u4fe1\u5f92\u62e5\u62b1\u6069\u5178\u7684\u65b0\u7ea6\uff0c\u6452\u5f03\u50f5\u5316\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u65e7\u8def\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u91cc\u6602\u7684\u7231\u4efb\u7ebd\u5728 \u300a\u53cd\u5f02\u7aef\u300b\uff08Against Heresies\uff09<\/em>, \u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u4eea\u5f0f\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5f25\u8d5b\u4e9a\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c\u6559\u5bfc\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u8981\u5bfb\u6c42\u5f8b\u6cd5\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u2014\u2014\u7231\u4e0e\u4fe1\u5fc3\u2014\u2014\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9075\u5b88\u89c4\u6761\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u91d1\u53e3\u82e5\u671b\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb2\u9053\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8bb3\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u6279\u8bc4\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u7684\u9a84\u50b2\u548c\u865a\u4f2a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3 23:27-28 \u4e2d\u8036\u7a23\u79f0\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u201c\u7c89\u9970\u7684\u575f\u5893\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u4ed6\u8b66\u544a\u6559\u4f1a\u4e0d\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5fc3\u6001\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e49\u6765\u81ea\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5fc3\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u8654\u8bda\u8868\u6f14\u3002\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7\u5916\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u5bfb\u6c42\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u6559\u7236\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u5c5e\u7075\u6210\u957f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u9677\u9631\u3002\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u53d7\u5230\u5728\u7d27\u5f20\u65f6\u671f\u5c06\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e0e\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6240\u5851\u9020\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u9762\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a81\u51fa\u57fa\u7763\u4fe1\u606f\u8f6c\u5316\u751f\u547d\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6559\u7236\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u5bfc\u662f\u4e00\u9762\u955c\u5b50\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u5426\u50cf\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u66f4\u5173\u5fc3\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4eba\u524d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9762\u524d\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff1f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u547c\u5e94\u4e86\u8036\u7a23\u5bf9\u8c26\u5351\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u547c\u53ec\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u542c\u4ece\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u8868\u6f14\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u4e4b\u7231\u7684\u53cd\u6620\u3002\u613f\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u6069\u5178\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4e3b\u8fc7\u4e0a\u5145\u6ee1\u6d3b\u529b\u3001\u771f\u8bda\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u201d\uff08Pharisee\uff09\u4e00\u8bcd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed Perushim<\/em>, \uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5206\u79bb\u8005\u201d\u6216\u201c\u88ab\u5206\u522b\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5723\u6bbf\u65f6\u671f\uff08\u7ea6\u516c\u5143\u524d2\u4e16\u7eaa\u81f3\u516c\u51431\u4e16\u7eaa\uff09\u72b9\u592a\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u6258\u62c9\u548c\u53e3\u4f20\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u81ea\u5c45\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bfb\u6c42\u8fc7\u7eaf\u6d01\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u5e0c\u814a\u5316\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u59a5\u534f\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u79bb\u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u59ff\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u4e0a\u7684\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u5916\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u4fdd\u62a4\u72b9\u592a\u5f8b\u6cd5\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u65b0\u7ea6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8036\u7a23\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u53d1\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u5e26\u6709\u8d1f\u9762\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u5728\u9a6c\u592a\u798f\u97f3 23:13-15 \u7b49\u7ecf\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8036\u7a23\u6279\u8bc4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u865a\u4f2a\u3001\u5f8b\u6cd5\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u901a\u5411\u4e0a\u5e1d\u601c\u60af\u4e0e\u7231\u4e4b\u5fc3\u7684\u969c\u788d\u3002\u4ece\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u8bcd\u6c47 Pharisaios<\/em>, \u6e90\u4e8e\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u65e9\u671f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8bcd\u6c47\u540e\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b97\u6559\u9a84\u50b2\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u7f6e\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5173\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u201c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u201d\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u7701\u3002\u4ece\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u5b83\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u652f\u6301\u4ec0\u4e48\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u81ea\u6211\u8fa9\u62a4\u7684\u5899\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6069\u5178\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u88ab\u547c\u53ec\u8981\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5206\u522b\u51fa\u6765\uff08\u5f7c\u5f97\u524d\u4e66 2:9\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u90a3\u79cd\u6ecb\u751f\u4f18\u8d8a\u611f\u6216\u8bc4\u5224\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u201c\u6cd5\u5229\u8d5b\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8b66\u544a\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u9677\u5165\u4e00\u79cd\u5f92\u6709\u5176\u8868\u800c\u65e0\u5b9e\u8d28\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u6211\u4eec\u4f53\u73b0\u57fa\u7763\u7684\u8c26\u5351\u4e0e\u7231\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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