Is Donald Trump Catholic?

Understanding Donald Trump’s Faith: A Brighter Look at His Spiritual Journey and What It Means for You!

In this amazing world where our faith and our daily lives come together, so many of us, with hopeful hearts, wonder about the spiritual paths of our leaders. It’s natural to ask, “Is Donald Trump Catholic?” And Although there’s a simple answer, if we dig a little deeper into his journey of faith, his own words, and how he’s connected with the Christian community, we can find some real understanding. This can be a guiding light for all of us trying to see the world of politics through the hopeful lens of our Christian beliefs.

This isn’t just about a yes or no. It’s about shining a light on Donald Trump’s religious upbringing, what he’s shared about his beliefs, his connections with wonderful Christian leaders (including some well-known Catholic figures!), and how his actions are sometimes seen when we think about our cherished Christian values. We’ll even look back at the timeless wisdom from the early Church Fathers, hoping to understand these things with a spirit of wisdom and grace.

Is Donald Trump Catholic? The Simple Answer to a Common Question

For everyone looking for that clear, direct answer: No, Donald Trump is not Catholic.¹ He grew up in the Presbyterian church and, more recently, has said he is a non-denominational Christian.²

It’s easy to see why you might ask! Public figures, especially our leaders, often meet with people from all sorts of faith backgrounds, including Catholicism. Donald Trump has definitely talked about Christian themes and has reached out to Christian voters, and that can lead to questions. But his own story and what he’s said about his faith place him outside the Catholic Church. Knowing this helps us look even closer at his actual religious background and how he connects with the wider Christian family. Often, asking this question comes from a good place – a desire to understand his overall faith, especially since he talks about it in public.

What Was Donald Trump’s Faith Journey Like Growing Up, and How Has He Talked About His Beliefs?

Understanding where a leader started in their faith can give us a beautiful glimpse into how they see the world. Donald Trump’s spiritual path began in a traditional Protestant home and later grew into a more independent Christian identity.

His Early Steps: A Presbyterian Beginning

Donald J. Trump was raised in the Presbyterian faith, and his Scottish-born mother, Mary Anne Trump, was a big influence here.³ His father, Fred Trump, came from a German family and was raised Lutheran.³ As a young boy, Donald went to Sunday school and was confirmed in the Presbyterian Church (USA) back in 1959 at the First Presbyterian Church in Jamaica, Queens, New York.³

Later on, in the 1970s, the Trump family started going to Marble Collegiate Church in Manhattan.³ The pastor there was the famous Norman Vincent Peale, who wrote “The Power of Positive Thinking.” Many people say that Peale’s ideas about believing in yourself and finding success with a positive attitude had a real impact on Donald Trump.³ This early time spent hearing Peale’s message, which was all about affirmation and success, seems to connect with the way Trump has presented himself and faced challenges, even those related to faith.

A New Chapter: Becoming a “Nondenominational Christian”

For most of his adult life, including when he was running for president in 2016, Donald Trump publicly identified with his Presbyterian roots.³ But then, in October 2020, something shifted. In an interview, Trump shared that he didn’t see himself as Presbyterian anymore and now identified as a “nondenominational Christian”.² He mentioned that this change came about because he and First Lady Melania Trump had been to different churches, met various spiritual leaders, and even joined online services, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.⁵

This is a pretty big change! “Nondenominational Christian” is a wide term, often linked with evangelical Christianity. It means moving away from the specific traditions of older denominations and allows for a more personal way of expressing faith, not so tied to church leadership structures. This change to a “nondenominational Christian” identity isn’t just a personal thing; it connects him with a large and growing group of Christians in America.⁵ This kind of identity is less about specific church rules and more about a general Christian connection, which can appeal to many, especially in evangelical groups where a personal relationship with Christ is often most important. This shift can also foster a sense of community among those who may have previously felt constrained by traditional denominational boundaries, providing a space for shared values and beliefs. While he may still appreciate certain elements of his background, including aspects of Baptist beliefs and practices, he now emphasizes a broader understanding of faith that transcends specific doctrinal differences. Ultimately, this evolving identity allows for greater inclusivity and unity among diverse groups of Christians.

This move, which happened while he was president, could also be seen as part of a bigger picture where political identity and a certain way of expressing Christian faith become closely linked.³ His religious identity can become part of his public image, appealing to those who see him as a champion of what are often called “Judeo-Christian values,” sometimes outside the usual religious groups.⁴

Here’s a little table to help see this journey:

Table: Trump’s Stated Religious Affiliations Over Time

What Has Donald Trump Shared About His Personal Faith, God, and the Bible?

Our leaders often talk about their faith, and Donald Trump has too. His words have given us little windows into how he sees God, religion, and holy writings, though people have understood these words in different ways.

His Public Words of Faith

Throughout his public life, and especially in his political career, Donald Trump has spoken highly of Christianity and said the Bible is very important.⁴ He’s been quoted saying, “from the earliest days of our Republic faith in God has always been the ultimate source of the strength that beats in the hearts of our nation”.⁸ He has also talked about needing to “bring religion back” and “bring God back into our lives,” saying it’s a way to solve problems and find happiness.⁸

He has said the Bible is his “favorite book”.⁹ In a very personal moment after a reported assassination attempt in 2024, Trump shared that the experience made his faith even stronger. He said, “God was watching me,” and that it made him “feel much more strongly about” his belief in God, calling it a miracle that “changed something in me”.⁵ These public statements are very powerful for many Christian voters, painting a picture of a leader who values and recognizes faith.

Thoughts on Depth and Sincerity

Even with these strong statements, many people, including those who have written about him, have wondered about how deep and consistent Donald Trump’s religious beliefs really are.³ Some have thought that maybe his understanding of Christian teachings isn’t very deep, or that when he talks about faith, it might be more for political reasons than from a deep personal belief.³

His way of talking about religion has often been described as focusing on success, strength, and national greatness, rather than on core Christian ideas like being humble, asking for forgiveness for sins, or serving others without thinking of oneself.³ These latter ideas are so important in traditional Christian understanding. It’s been pointed out that he usually doesn’t talk much about theology or personal spiritual struggles, which past presidents often did.³ Even Paula White, who is a close spiritual advisor to him, reportedly said it wouldn’t be very helpful for Trump to try and talk about his faith in a deep way publicly.³

What people think also shows this uncertainty. A survey during his first time as president showed that 63% of Americans didn’t think he was religious, and only 44% thought he was a Christian, even though he said he was.³

For believers who listen with hope when a leader talks about God, it’s natural to also want to see a life that matches those words. When Trump talks about faith, it often centers on God protecting him or the nation under his leadership, and religion as something that brings national unity and strength.⁴ This can be different from the traditional Christian focus on our own sins, needing God’s grace, and repentance. This way of talking might connect more with the idea of a “chosen leader” or a kind of national religion, rather than a quiet, personal faith focused on Christian virtues like humility or feeling sorry for wrongdoing. This kind of talk can really resonate with a “Christian nationalist” feeling, where the nation’s identity and God’s plans are seen as very closely linked, appealing to voters who feel their values are being threatened.³ Figuring out if this is a true expression of personal faith or a smart use of religious words for political reasons is still a challenge for many Christian observers.

Who Are Donald Trump’s Main Spiritual Guides and Advisors?

The people we choose to have around us, especially for faith matters, can tell us a lot. Donald Trump has had some important spiritual influences and has chosen advisors, especially from the Evangelical and Charismatic Christian traditions.

Early Influence: Norman Vincent Peale

As we mentioned, Peale’s “positive thinking” ideas, which Trump heard at Marble Collegiate were an early and important influence.³ Peale’s teachings, which focused on self-confidence and achieving success through a positive mindset, can be seen as an early version of some parts of what’s known today as prosperity theology.

A Key Advisor: Paula White

Perhaps his most well-known spiritual advisor is Paula White, an evangelical minister he has called his “personal pastor”.³ They’ve known each other for a long time. White gave the opening prayer at Trump’s first inauguration, led the White House Faith and Opportunity Initiative during his first term, and is still a senior advisor to the White House Faith Office in his current administration.³

Paula White is closely connected with Charismatic Christianity and believes in prosperity theology.³ This way of thinking often teaches that strong faith, speaking positively, and sometimes giving money to ministries can lead to God’s favor in the form of money, health, and success. Her preaching focuses on having a purpose in life, overcoming negative influences, and seeing Christ as someone who understands our human weaknesses.³ Having advisors like White, who are linked to prosperity theology, suggests an attraction to a faith that highlights victory, success, and God’s favor shown in real, tangible ways. This fits well with Trump’s personal style and his political messages of strength and winning. This is different from spiritual advice that might focus on social justice, widespread sin, or the special struggles of the poor and those on the margins, which aren’t as prominent in Trump’s public talks.

Connections with Evangelical Leaders

Beyond specific people, Donald Trump has worked hard to have advisors who share what’s described as a “deep faith” and has built strong relationships with many leading Evangelicals.⁴ Books like “The Faith of Donald J. Trump” by David Brody and Scott Lamb talk about these connections. They suggest he gained evangelical support not by pretending to be someone he wasn’t by actively supporting their important issues and surrounding himself with believers who see him as someone who can bring the nation back to traditional values.⁴

Relying on these kinds of advisors might contribute to what some call “Christian Trumpism,” where a particular version of Christianity—focusing on national strength and God’s approval of specific political plans—is promoted.³ This can create a situation where his existing views are spiritually supported, possibly without the challenge of a wider range of Christian theological ideas. This give-and-take relationship, where he supports their causes and they support his leadership, can lead to his political ideas blending with a specific understanding of theology. For Christians watching this, it brings up questions about the traditional role of spiritual advisors: are they mainly there to comfort and agree, or also to challenge and speak truth to power from a full biblical perspective?

How Has Donald Trump Connected with Catholic Leaders, Including Pope Francis?

Donald Trump’s interactions with Catholic leaders have been a mix, from public disagreements with Pope Francis to working together on appointments with certain American bishops and cardinals.

His Relationship with Pope Francis: Some Clear Tensions

The relationship between Donald Trump and Pope Francis, the head of the Catholic has been quite strained, even though Trump said some positive things about the Pope back in 2013.¹³

• The Border Wall Disagreement (2016): A big public disagreement happened in February 2016, before Trump was even elected president. Pope Francis, when asked about Trump’s promise to build a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border, said, “A person who thinks only about building walls, wherever they may be, and not building bridges, is not Christian”.¹³ Trump responded strongly, calling it “disgraceful” for a religious leader to question someone’s faith. He also suggested that if ISIS attacked the Vatican, the Pope would have wished Donald Trump were president.¹³
• Meeting at the Vatican (2017): In May 2017, President Trump met Pope Francis at the Vatican. The meeting was about 30 minutes long and seemed friendly on the outside, with the usual exchange of gifts.¹³ But photos from the meeting, showing a very serious Pope Francis next to a broadly smiling Trump, went viral. Many people thought it showed the Pope might have been hesitant or uncomfortable.¹³ Trump later said the meeting was “fantastic”.¹³
• More Criticism on Immigration: Pope Francis later strongly criticized Trump’s immigration policies again, warning U.S. Bishops that plans for mass deportations would “end badly”.¹⁴

These moments show a real difference in how they see the world. Pope Francis consistently talks about global togetherness, mercy and dignity for migrants and refugees, and taking care of our environment—all central ideas in Catholic Social Teaching.¹⁴ In contrast, Trump’s “America First” idea puts national interests with strict border security and fewer regulations.¹⁶ This is more than just a personality clash; it’s a collision of different ethical and political ideas, based on different understandings of Christian responsibility in the world.

Getting Along with Other Catholic Leaders

Besides the Pope, Donald Trump has connected with other Catholic leaders, especially in the United States:

• Important Appointments: He has appointed well-known Catholic figures to advisory roles. For example, Cardinal Timothy Dolan, the Archbishop of New York, and Bishop Robert Barron of Winona-Rochester, a famous theologian and speaker, were named to a White House religious liberty commission.¹⁰
• Mixed Feelings About His Actions: These leaders, and other Catholic commentators, have had different reactions to Trump. A notable example was an AI-generated image showing Trump as the Pope, which he posted on social media. This got criticism from both Cardinal Dolan, who said “it wasn’t good,” and Bishop Barron, who called it a “bad joke” and a “childish attempt at humor”.¹⁷ Other Catholic figures, like Bishop Thomas Paprocki of Springfield, Illinois, and the New York State Catholic Conference, were even stronger in their disapproval, calling the image offensive and mocking.¹⁷
• Voices of Support: On the other hand, some Catholic commentators and groups have supported Trump or defended his actions. For instance, some defended the AI Pope image as funny or not meant to be prejudiced.¹⁷ Other commentators have pointed out the “strong Catholic” people in his administration, arguing that his team genuinely tries to apply faith principles to policy in certain areas.²²

Trump’s engagement with some Catholic leaders (like those he appointed to commissions or who support him publicly) while having a tough relationship with the Pope might suggest he’s strategically building relationships with those who agree more with his political plans or specific parts of it, like religious liberty efforts or pro-life judge appointments. This can create a public image of Catholic support, even while possibly avoiding broader and more challenging parts of Catholic Social Teaching that clash with some of his administration’s policies, especially on issues like immigration and environmental protection. For Catholic readers, it’s important to see all sides of these interactions, not just the times they agreed.

What Do Catholic Leaders and Thinkers Say About Donald Trump’s Faith and Actions?

Inside the Catholic Church in America, there isn’t just one view of Donald Trump, his faith, or what he does. Instead, you’ll find a whole range of opinions, showing the different ways Catholic leaders and commentators think.

Voices of Concern and Criticism

Many Catholic voices have shared concerns or direct criticism. Some, like Dr. Jeff Mirus of Catholic Culture, have offered a thoughtful view. They acknowledge that Trump isn’t Catholic and his policies aren’t necessarily guided by Catholic principles, yet they suggest he sometimes steps in to fill a “moral vacuum” they see left by other leaders on different moral issues.¹ This view is interesting because it also criticizes what they see as inaction from others, especially on issues like abortion and gender policies.

More direct disapproval has come after specific actions. That AI-generated image of Trump as Pope, for example, was met with strong negative reactions from figures like Bishop Thomas Paprocki, who called it “deeply offensive,” and the New York State Catholic Conference, which said, “Do not mock us”.¹⁷ Cardinal Timothy Dolan described the image as “not good” and in “bad form”.¹⁷ Beyond just specific incidents, there are often broader concerns about how some of Trump’s policies, especially on immigration and environmental protection, seem to go against basic Catholic Social Teaching.

Words of Defense and Support

On the other hand, some Catholic figures and groups have defended Donald Trump or expressed support for his administration. About that AI Pope image, people like Vice President JD Vance (who is Catholic), Bill Donohue of the Catholic League, and the organization CatholicVote suggested it was meant as a joke and not as an expression of prejudice.¹⁷

More generally, some commentators argue that the Trump administration is, in some ways, “more Catholic than you know”.²² They point to the many people in his team whom they describe as “strong Catholic” and who are seen as genuinely trying to apply faith principles to government policy, especially in areas like protecting American sovereignty, which they connect to teachings of Pope St. John Paul II.²² Bishop Robert Barron, while thinking the AI Pope image was a “bad joke,” also said that Trump has, in various ways, “signaled…his support for and affection for the Catholic Church”.¹⁷

This difference of opinion among Catholic leaders and commentators often reflects the wider political divisions in the United States. Those who lean more conservative politically tend to find common ground with Trump, focusing on things like his judge appointments, pro-life stances, or religious liberty efforts. In contrast, those who put a stronger emphasis on the social justice aspects of Catholic Social Teaching are often more critical of his policies on immigration, poverty, and the environment.

The discussion about Trump within Catholic circles can also show underlying disagreements about how Catholicism should interact with government power and which parts of Church teaching should be prioritized in public life. Is the main focus on correct doctrine regarding life, and religious freedom? Or does it include a wider concern for the common good, social justice, and care for creation, as recent Popes and the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops have emphasized in various statements? Understanding this internal Church conversation is key for Catholic readers to put the varied opinions about Donald Trump into context.

How Do Donald Trump’s Policies Connect with Christian Values and Catholic Teachings?

When Christians look at political leaders, they often think about how their policies line up with the values and teachings of their faith. With Donald Trump, this has been a mixed picture. Some policies are seen as supporting Christian concerns, while others are viewed as going against them.

Where Policies Seem to Align (Often Highlighted by Supporters)

• Standing for Life: A big area of approval for many conservative Christians, including Catholics, has been Trump’s actions on abortion. His administration brought back and enforced the Mexico City Policy, which stops federal money from going to international groups that perform or promote abortion.²³ He has also supported the Hyde Amendment, which stops direct federal funding for most abortions in the U.S.²³ Plus, his appointments of conservative judges to federal courts, including the Supreme Court, have been seen by many pro-life supporters as very important for their cause. Bishop Daniel Thomas, who was chairman of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops’ pro-life committee during Trump’s term, praised these actions for strengthening policies that protect against being forced to take part in what he called a “culture of death”.²⁴
• Protecting Religious Liberty: Trump has taken steps to emphasize religious liberty. He created a White House Faith Office, a task force to address what was seen as anti-Christian bias in the federal government, and a Religious Liberty Commission.⁵ These efforts have been praised by supporters like Peter Breen of the Thomas More Society, who said the Trump administration “has done what you would hope it would do” on religious liberty policies.²³
• Views on Gender: Executive orders were issued during his administration that defined sex based on biology at birth for federal purposes. These orders also ended federal support for certain medical treatments for minors identifying as transgender and set up policies about participation in women’s sports.²³ These actions line up with the Catholic Church’s teaching that humans are created male and female, and Pope Francis has spoken out against what he calls “gender ideology”.²⁴
• Parental Choice in Schooling: The Trump administration also supported school choice programs, aiming to give parents more power in how their children are raised and educated.²³ This connects with Catholic teaching on the main role of parents as educators.

Where Policies Seem to Differ (Often Highlighted by Critics)

• Caring for Our World (Environment): Trump’s environmental policies have received a lot of criticism from those who follow Catholic Social Teaching’s call to take care of creation. Actions like pulling the U.S. Out of the Paris Agreement on climate change, canceling various environmental justice programs, speeding up fossil fuel projects, and not prioritizing renewable energy are seen as clashing with the Church’s focus on integral ecology and protecting our planet for future generations.¹⁵
• Immigration and “America First”: The administration’s strict immigration policies, including efforts to build a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border, and the “America First” approach to foreign policy—which sometimes included words seen as putting down other nations and weakening international groups—have clashed with Catholic Social Teaching principles.¹⁵ These principles include standing together with all people, giving special care to the poor and vulnerable (which often includes migrants and refugees), the idea that the earth’s resources are for everyone, and supporting global cooperation to solve shared problems.¹⁵ Pope Francis has been notably critical of these kinds of approaches.¹⁴
• In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Donald Trump has said he supports access to In Vitro Fertilization. From a Catholic moral viewpoint, IVF is seen as “highly objectionable” and “problematic”.²³ The Church teaches that human life begins at conception and that reproductive technologies like IVF, which often involve creating and destroying embryos or separating procreation from marriage, are not morally okay.

This selective focus in public discussions about Trump and Christian values is interesting. Policies that line up with certain evangelical and conservative Catholic priorities (like those on abortion and religious liberty) are often highlighted by supporters. At the same time, policies that seem to go against broader aspects of Catholic Social Teaching (like those about the environment, immigration, or economic justice for the poor) might get less attention from his Christian supporters or are talked about mainly in terms of economics or national security, rather than from a moral or ethical standpoint.

This can lead to what some might call a “transactional faith” approach in politics, where political support is given based on a leader’s stance on a few key issues. This kind of approach might overlook the need for a more complete application of Christian principles to all areas of government. For Christian voters, this highlights how important it is to consider all of their faith’s teachings when looking at a leader, considering the “whole counsel” of their tradition.

Here’s a table to give a clearer overview:

Table: Key Trump Policies vs. Catholic Social/Moral Teachings

Navigating Faith and Politics: How Can We, as Christians, Approach Evaluating Leaders Like Donald Trump with Wisdom and Grace?

For all of us Christians trying to find our way where faith and politics meet—which can sometimes feel like stormy seas!—evaluating leaders like Donald Trump calls for prayerful thought, guided by the deepest principles of our faith.

A Call to Prayerful Discernment: Seeking God’s Wisdom First

The very first step in looking at any political leader should always be prayer. Let’s ask God for wisdom, for clarity, and for a heart that seeks truth more than anything else. So many Christians are wrestling with these questions in their own familieses, and communities, sharing this journey of trying to understand.²⁰ You are not alone!

Guided by Our Faith Principles: Letting Our Beliefs Light the Way

As believers, we are encouraged to use the full richness of Christian teaching as our guide. This includes the Holy Scripture, Christian Tradition (which for Catholics importantly includes Catholic Social Teaching), and the lasting wisdom of incredible figures like the Church Fathers. This means looking beyond just single issues or charismatic personalities to a more complete, whole-hearted assessment. Furthermore, the practices and teachings that have emerged from catholic monasteries and their influence provide invaluable insights into the embodiment of faith through community life and contemplation. These spiritual havens have preserved theological wisdom and fostered a deep connection to God, highlighting the importance of silence, prayer, and service in our daily lives. By integrating these aspects, we can develop a more profound understanding of our faith and its applications in a complex world.

Examining the Fruits, Not Just the Words: Actions Speak Volumes

A constant theme from Scripture and the Church Fathers is how important it is to look at the “fruits”—the real outcomes and impacts of a leader’s policies and behavior—not just at what they say about their faith. The call to be “wise as serpents and harmless as doves” (Matthew 10:16, a verse often mentioned in Christian talks about discernment 35) means we need to be smart and careful in our evaluation, while also holding onto our Christian virtues. If a leader supports certain policies that line up with Christian values but also puts others in place that seem to go against foundational teachings on justice, mercy, or care for the vulnerable, the Christian voter has a complex important, task of discernment, not a simple choice.

Staying United in Christ: Love Above All Differences

It’s a fact of life that sincere, prayerful Christians can come to different conclusions about political leaders and parties. In times like these, it’s so vital to encourage charity, respect, and understanding within our Christian community, remembering that our unity in Christ should always rise above political disagreements.³⁴ Let love be our highest goal!

Focusing on Kingdom Values: Our True North

As Christians, our main allegiance is to Jesus Christ and His Kingdom. The values of that Kingdom—love, justice, mercy, peace, truth, and compassion—should be the ultimate standard by which we measure all earthly powers and political plans. Let these be the stars that guide us!

How Christians evaluate a figure like Donald Trump often shows their own deeper spiritual understandings about God’s work in the world and the Church’s mission in society. Some may see political involvement as a key way to advance Christian values, perhaps viewing a particular leader as a “God-sent” instrument for cultural or moral renewal.⁴ Others may keep a more critical distance from all political powers, seeing the Church’s main mission as separate from party politics and focusing on its prophetic role to speak truth to power from a place of humility and service.²⁰ These different underlying views will naturally shape how they see a leader’s actions and religious statements.

As followers of Christ, the desire of our hearts is often to see leaders who reflect His love and justice. This journey of discernment is one we walk together, praying for clarity, courage, and wisdom. And God promises to give wisdom generously to all who ask!

Conclusion: Walking a Path of Faithful Discernment with Hope!

So, let’s come back to that first question with hopeful hearts: Donald Trump is not Catholic. He was raised Presbyterian and now sees himself as a nondenominational Christian. His faith journey, what he’s said publicly about his beliefs, and his varied relationships with different Christian traditions, including Catholicism, paint a complex picture that brings out a wide range of responses from believers. It’s a journey many are watching with interest and prayer. As discussions about faith and politics evolve, it’s also worth noting jd vance’s religious affiliation, which has become a topic of interest among voters. His background and beliefs may influence his perspectives on issues that resonate deeply with religious communities. The intersection of personal faith and political ambition continues to shape public discourse in significant ways.

His policies have been welcomed by many conservative Christians, especially in areas like pro-life initiatives and religious liberty. At the same time, other policies, particularly those concerning immigration and taking care of our environment, have faced criticism for seeming to clash with foundational Christian ethical teachings, including those beautifully laid out in Catholic Social Teaching.

For all of us Christians seeking to understand and evaluate any public leader, the path forward is one of prayerful discernment, filled with God’s grace. It means engaging with information thoughtfully, measuring words and actions against the timeless truths of Scripture and Christian tradition, and always seeking to understand the impact of leadership on all people, especially those who are most vulnerable. Let compassion guide our thoughts.

The incredible wisdom of the Church Fathers reminds us that faith must be shown by our actions, and that true discernment is a precious gift from God that protects us from being misled. As believers find their way through the complexities of faith in the public square, the call is to do so with humility, seeking truth with love, and always striving to reflect the beautiful character of Christ. May our hearts be anchored in the unchanging, amazing love of God, who calls each of us to be a bright light in the world, no matter what the political season looks like. And may our ultimate hope always rest not in earthly powers in our faithful and sovereign God, who holds all things in His hands! Be blessed!