Syria 2025 In Review: A Year of Violence and Uncertainty

By Linda Burkle, PhD, ICC Fellow  It has been a little more than a year since the collapse in December 2024 of 50 years of the totalitarian dictatorship under Syrian President Assad. This article provides an update on the status of Christians and other minorities in 2025, amid instability and transition.  Following a protracted civil war, in December 2024, a coup was carried out by various Islamist factions forming a rebel coalition called the Military Operations Command (MOC). MOC included the Turkish-backed Syrian National Army and Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Army. It was led…