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Saint Macrina the Younger

Sister of Basil and Gregory of Nyssa, who made her family estate a house of prayer

Western calendar
19 July
Orthodox calendar
19 July (1 August on the old calendar)

Macrina was the eldest child of a Cappadocian family of saints, the sister of Basil the Great and Gregory of Nyssa, and when the young man she was to marry died suddenly she chose instead a life of virginity given to God. On a family estate by the River Iris in Pontus she persuaded her mother to set their slaves free and live with them as one household of prayer and work, holding everything in common, a community she led after her mother died. Gregory came to her as she lay dying, and from their talk of the life to come he wrote his Dialogue on the Soul and Resurrection, in which his sister is the teacher.

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瞻礼日、两个历法与主保圣人

圣人的瞻礼日是教会每年在敬礼中纪念该圣人的日子,对于大多数圣人而言,这一天是他们的忌日。这些日子是基督教历法中最古老的纪念日:继复活节、五旬节,以及四世纪出现的圣诞节和主显节之后,教会最早守的瞻礼便是宗徒和殉道者的纪念日。

在查找器中,许多圣人有两个日期,这是因为西方教会和正教会历经数世纪分别建立了各自的历法。有时他们会在不同的日子纪念同一位圣人:西方教会于10月28日纪念圣犹达与圣西满,而正教会则在6月19日纪念圣犹达。一些正教会(如俄罗斯正教会)至今仍沿用旧儒略历,该历法目前比我们通用的公历晚十三天,因此他们的12月6日对应我们的12月19日。若出现这种情况,查找器会同时提供两个日期。

主保圣人是教会为特定地点、工作或需求而祈求其代祷的圣人,正如旧版《天主教百科全书》所言,是“在天主前的特别代祷者和合适的辩护人”。有些主保身份是由教宗宣布的,例如庇护九世于1870年宣布圣若瑟为普世教会主保;而大多数主保身份源于悠久的传统,如圣安多尼与失物寻找。

我们根据人们的搜索频率、姓名、需求和日期选择了最初的二百位圣徒,并添加了东正教基督徒所寻求的圣徒以及使徒。随后,我们为原本没有圣徒的 138 天中的每一天都增加了一位圣徒,确保一年中的每一天至少都有一位圣徒,并额外增加了四十位人们常搜索的圣徒:总计 378 个条目。条目中的每一个事实均来自我们核实并标注来源的资料:包括《天主教百科全书》、美国正教会的圣徒传记、梵蒂冈新闻以及圣座的官方文件。如果某位圣徒的事迹主要源于传说,条目中会予以说明。