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Résumé
- Définition et identité: Les pharisiens étaient un groupe religieux juif à l'époque de Jésus, connus pour leur adhésion stricte à la Torah et aux traditions orales, le « sens de pharisien » dérivant de « séparés » en raison de leur accent sur la pureté rituelle.
- Relation avec Jésus: Ils s'opposaient souvent à Jésus en raison de divergences théologiques, de menaces perçues pour leur autorité et de sa critique de leur légalisme, bien que certains, comme Nicodème, aient interagi positivement.
- Pharisiens vs sadducéens: Contrairement aux sadducéens, qui rejetaient les traditions orales et la résurrection, les pharisiens croyaient aux deux, ce qui influençait leur rivalité et leurs rôles distincts dans la société juive.
- Pertinence moderne et Pères de l'Église: Aujourd'hui, « pharisien » décrit souvent un comportement légaliste ou hypocrite ; les Pères de l'Église comme Augustin critiquaient leur justice basée sur les œuvres, mettant plutôt l'accent sur la grâce.
Bibliographie (cliquer pour afficher)
Bibliographie :
Below is a list of sources that directly address the meaning of “Pharisee,” the identity and role of the Pharisees in the Bible, their relationship with Jesus, their differences with the Sadducees, or the teachings of the Church Fathers on this topic, tailored for Christian readers.
- Ambrose. Translated and edited by Boniface Ramsey O.P., Early Church Fathers. London: Routledge, 1997. Xii + 238 pp. $22.99 paper. (n.d.).
Pertinence : Provides insights from Ambrose, a Church Father, potentially discussing Pharisees in the context of early Christian theology. - Ammann, A., & Kennerley, S. (2019). Introduction au numéro spécial sur : La réception des Pères de l'Église et des premiers historiens de l'Église à la Renaissance et à la Réforme, v. 1470–1650. International Journal of the Classical Tradition, 27, 271–276.
Pertinence : Discusses the reception of Church Fathers’ teachings, which may include their views on Pharisees, relevant to early Christian perspectives. - Bercot, D. (1998). A Dictionary of Early Christian Beliefs: A Reference Guide to More Than 700 Topics Discussed by the Early Church Fathers.
Pertinence : A reference guide to Church Fathers’ beliefs, likely including their teachings on Pharisees and their role in the New Testament. - Bourgel, J. (2017). The Holders of the Word of Truth: The Pharisees in Pseudo-Clementine Recognitions 1.27–71. Journal of Early Christian Studies, 25, 171–200.
Pertinence : Directly examines the Pharisees in early Christian texts, offering insights into their portrayal and significance. - Burette, S. (2023). 5th November: 23rd Sunday after Pentecost: Micah 3.5–12; Psalm 43; 1 Thessalonians 2.9–13; Matthew 23.1–12. Expository Times, 135, 21–23.
Pertinence : Discusses Matthew 23, a key passage addressing the Pharisees’ hypocrisy, relevant to their relationship with Jesus. - Edsall, B. A. (n.d.). Scribes, Pharisees, Sadducees and Trypho: Jewish leadership and Jesus traditions in Justin’s construal of Christian and Jewish identity.
Pertinence : Analyzes Pharisees and Sadducees in the context of Jesus’ interactions, directly addressing their role and opposition. - Facchini, C. (2019). Jesus the Pharisee: Leon Modena, the Historical Jesus, and Renaissance Venice. Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus.
Pertinence : Explores the Pharisees’ relationship with Jesus, providing historical and theological context relevant to Christian readers. - Hartin, P. (2010). The Pharisaic roots of Jesus and the early church.
Pertinence : Directly addresses the Pharisees’ influence on Jesus and early Christianity, relevant to their identity and relationship with Jesus. - John Chrysostom. Introduced and translated by Wendy Mayer and Pauline Allen. The Early Church Fathers. New York: Routledge, 2000. X + 230 pp. $24.99 paper. (n.d.).
Pertinence : Includes writings of John Chrysostom, a Church Father, likely discussing Pharisees in the context of Jesus’ teachings. - Joubert, L. (2003). Narrative aggada, the Church Fathers and narrative theology: the transformative power of wisdom inspired by Old Testament narratives. Old Testament Essays, 16, 47–57.
Pertinence : Discusses Church Fathers’ teachings, potentially including their views on Pharisees, in the context of biblical narratives.
These citations were selected because they explicitly address the Pharisees’ meaning, their role in the Bible, their relationship with Jesus, their differences with Sadducees, or the Church Fathers’ perspectives, aligning with the query’s focus for Christian readers.
