Dutch 
English 
Chinese 
Arabic 
Spanish 
Portuguese 
Russian 
French 
Italian 
German 
Japanese Samenvatting
- Purity and Righteousness: Predominantly, the color white signifies purity, righteousness, and holiness in the scriptures. Manifesting in numerous instances, white raiment and white hair symbolize righteousness. Similarly, the white horse in the book of Revelation signifies the righteous and holy war.
- Victory and Triumph: The symbolic value of white transcends purity and holiness, extending into the realm of victory and triumph. In prophetic dreams and visions recorded in the Bible, the color white frequently denotes triumph over evil and divine victory.
- Heavenly and Divine: White is also associated with heavenly beings and spaces. The Bible portrays angels, heavenly clouds, and even the Ancient of Days clad in pure white, indicating divine nature and heavenly purity.
- Consistent Interpretation: Throughout the holy text, the interpretation of the color white remains largely consistent. Whether appearing in the Old Testament or the New Testament, it unfailingly represents purity, righteousness, divinity, and victory.
Bibliography (Click to show)
—
Bibliography:
Ahaligah, A. (2020). Early African Christianity–A Thematic Analysis. E-Journal of Religious and Theological Studies.
Aimukhambet, Zh. A. A. Zh. A. (2023). Depiction of heaven and hell in Divani Hikmet by Yasawi and «Divine Comedy» by Dante. Turkic Studies Journal.
Bagaskara, B. D. (2017). THE REPRESENTATION OF ALGAE ISLAND AS AN AFTERLIFE DEPICTION REFLECTED IN YANN MARTEL’S NOVEL LIFE OF PI.
Brealey, M. (2013). An Early Scholar of William Hale White: Henry Arthur Smith (1914-1969). 129.
Briefel, A. (2016). Spectral Matter: The Afterlife of Clothes in the Nineteenth-Century Ghost Story. Victorian Review, 41, 67–88.
Carretero, C. (2017). A study of color¯: uses of ×Åָבָן in the Hebrew Bible. Sefarad, 77, 39–64.
Chadwick, H. (2023). Studies on Ancient Christianity.
Chaney, C. D. (2018). Is There a Heaven for a Gangsta?: Hip Hop, Spirituality, and Heaven. 5, 35–63.
Degórski, B. (2023). Uwagi dotyczące miejsc kultu w okresie starożytności chrześcijańskiej. Studia Teologii Dogmatycznej.
Diboro, P. (2018). The Dagaaba Encouter with the Christian Faith: Missiological Implications for the Church in the Dagaaba Land.
Goff, M. W.-L. (2009). Pictures of the afterlife: two illuminated manuscripts of the purgatory of Saint Patrick.
Ivova, N. (2021). THE COLOR TERMS FOR BLACK AND WHITE IN BULGARIAN, POLISH AND LITHUANIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS. Ezikov Svyat Volume 19 Issue 3.
JÄ™czmiÅ„ska, K. (2022). Spiritual and material dimensions of home in J. M.Coetzee’s Age of Iron. Crossroads A Journal of English Studies.
Joyce, D., Whitehead, L., & Webster, M. (2021). Wide gamut lighting and color contrast in anomalous trichromacy. Optical Engineering + Applications, 11814, 118140D-118140D – 5.
Kanematsu, T., & Koida, K. (2020). Large enhancement of simultaneous color contrast by white flanking contours. Scientific Reports, 10.
Kim-Cragg, D. (2023). We Take Hold of the White Man’s Worship with One Hand, but with the Other Hand We Hold Fast Our Fathers’ Worship: The Beginning of Indigenous Methodist Christianity and Its Expression in the Christian Guardian, Upper Canada circa 1829. Religions.
Kuzmin, V. (2021). Bi-level perception and color modes. Contrast ratio and complementarity of colors. äøûþÑÂþфÑÂúðѠÃÅÑ‹ÑÂûь.
Liu, W., Liu, R. Z., & Shin, R. Q. (2023). Understanding systemic racism: Anti-Blackness, white supremacy, racial capitalism, and the re/creation of white space and time. Journal of Counseling and Psychology, 70 3, 244–257.
Lovric, B., & Lovric, B. (2021). THE HOUSE OF BLACK AND WHITE: IDENTITIES OF COLOR AND POWER RELATIONS IN THE GAME OF THRONES.
Mark T. Finney Resurrection, Hell and the Afterlife: Body and Soul in Antiquity, Judaism and Early Christianity. (New York and London: Routledge, 2016). Pp. vii + 203. $140.00 (Hbk). ISBN 978 1 138 64765 7. (n.d.).
Orsi, R. (2020). How Liberal Protestant Church Historians Helped Turn Christianity into a Good White Protestant American Religion in the Twentieth Century. Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture, 89, 395–398.
Perry, M. (2017). Jewish heaven, Christian hell: Rabbi Joshua ben Levi’s vision of the afterlife. Journal of Medieval History, 43, 212–227.
Perry, S. P., Abaied, J. L., SkinnerDorkenoo, A. L., & Waters, S. (2021). A Laboratory Procedure to Facilitate Color Conscious Racial Socialization Methods Among White Parents in the U.S.
Pierce, A. H. (2020). Augustine’s Eschatological Vision: The Dynamism of Seeing and Seeking God in Heaven. Pro Ecclesia: A Journal of Catholic and Evangelical Theology, 29, 217–238.
Portengen, B. L., Porro, G., Imhof, S., & Naber, M. (2023). The Trade-Off Between Luminance and Color Contrast Assessed With Pupil Responses. Translational Vision Science & Technology, 12.
Race in the afterlife: an Eastern Christian approach. (2022).
Salama, D., & Elwaly, S. F. A. A. (2021). Enriching Khayameya Artifacts with Optical Fibers Using Color Contrast between Shape and Background. International Design Journal.
Sruthi, P., & Mukherjee, S. (2020). AN EXPRESSION OF COLOR PSYCHOLOGY AND HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS: DECONSTRUCTING THE BINARISM OF WHITE COLOR IN HAN KANG’S THE WHITE BOOK. Journal of Critical Reviews.
Stander, H. (2000). Ecology and the Church Fathers. Acta Patristica et Byzantina, 11, 167–176.
Stead, C. (1986). Saints and Sinners in the Early Church. By W. H. C. Frend. Pp. 183. London: Darton, Longman and Todd, 1985. £4.50. 0 232 51663 4. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 37, 484–484.
Storm, W. (2014). The Creation of Heaven in the Middle Ages.
The English Separatist Tradition: From the Marian Fathers to the Pilgrim Fathers . By B. R. White. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971. xiv + 179 pp. $9.00. (n.d.).
Tian-yi, Z., & Xiao-yun, J. (2018). On the Symbolism of Color in Dubliners. Us-China Foreign Language, 16.
Usachev, A. (2023). Metropolitan Dionisii (1581–1586) and the principles of the church elite’s formation in the 16th century. St. Tikhons’ University Review.
Velasco, M. R. (2020). Color Symbolism in the Castilian Atlantic Bibles: Initials and Scenes from the Bible of Avila (BNM, Vit. 15-1). Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education.
VidalOrtiz, S. (2021). On Being a White Person of Color. Critical Dialogues in Latinx Studies.
White, J. (2016). Orthodox Old Belief: Edinoverie as a Movement for Religious Rejuvenation in the Russian 1905–1918. Russian History-Histoire Russe, 43, 181–208.
Williams, C. C. (1961). The Spiritual Gospel: the Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel in the Early Church . By Maurice F. Wiles. Pp. x + 182. London: Cambridge University Press, 1960. 25s. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, 12, 87–87.
Wilson, A. W. (2024). Bonnie Bennett and the beyond: An exploration of one representation of the afterlife in The Vampire Diaries. Australasian Journal of Popular Culture.
Wühr, P., & Memmert, D. (2023). A color-related bias in offside judgments in professional soccer: A matter of figure-background contrast? PLoS ONE, 18.
ÒðÑÂøûьõòøч, ÃËœ. Ã’., & ÃÂýðтþûьõòýð, ÃÅ. ÃÂ. (2020). Forgotten rituals of white shamans. 141–149.
Abulbasal, R., Glass, C., Marquez-Velarde, G., & MartinezCola, M. (2023). Exploring the Impact of Women’s Representation on the Professional Careers of Women of Color. Sociological Perspectives, 66, 401–418.
Ahmed, F., Ogidi, P., Shareef, O., & Lipoff, J. (2022). Lack of Skin of Color Representation in Dermatology-Related Instagram Posts: Content Analysis. JMIR Dermatology, 5.
Ambron, E., Goldstein, S., Miller, A. J., Hamilton, R., & Coslett, H. (2022). From my skin to your skin: Virtual image of a hand of different skin color influences movement duration of the real hand in Black and White individuals and influences racial bias. Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3.
Avagyan, N., & Nersisyan, N. (2024). THE PERCEPTION OF BLACK AND WHITE IN ENGLISH AND ARMENIAN IDIOMS. Armenian Folia Anglistika.
Backues, L. D. (2019). Construing Culture as Compositionâ€â€Part 2: Robert Traina’s Methodology. 6, 4.
BlažiÄÂ, M., & Iseni, A. (2023). RELIGIOUS MOTIFS IN THE GRIMMS’ FAIRY TALES. ANGLISTICUM. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies.
Draper, S. (2021). Promoting Persistence: Faculty of Color and the Graduation Rates of Students of Color at Predominantly White Institution.
Ghabrial, M., & Ross, L. (2018). Representation and Erasure of Bisexual People of Color: A Content Analysis of Quantitative Bisexual Mental Health Research. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 5, 132–142.
Gritskevich, T., Zhukova, O., & Kazakov, E. (2022). Religious reformation: theological dogmas and the construction of socio-cultural meanings. ÞñщõÑÂтòþ äøûþÑÂþфøѠØÑÂтþрøѠÚуûьтурð.
Hambali, R. Y. A. (2024). Subject and Scripture: Exploring Existential Moments in the Ordinary Reading of Scripture. Wawasan.
Hoard, P. R., & Hoard, B. (2023). Eucontamination: Enacting a Centered-Set Theology in a Multicultural World. Journal of Psychology and Theology.
Huie, L. (2021). Costume Color: The Representation of Bangladeshi Tradition and Cultural Revival. Journal of Textile Science & Fashion Technology.
Hummon, D. (2008). Climbing Jacob’s Ladder: Reconstructing the Ladder in African American Spirituals. The Journal of American Culture, 31, 164–174.
Kholis, N., & Isnaini, S. N. (2023). The Scripture and Javanese Tradition: the Meaning and Preserving of Gugur Gunung Tradition among Gunungpring’s People. Addin.
Kim, J. M., & Kim, J. S. (2023). A Study of the Meaning of the Sahmyook and Sahmyook Education Based on E. G. White’s Understanding of Man. Theological Research Institute of Sahmyook University.
Lai, Z. (2021). An Analysis of the Symbolic Meanings of Colors in Beloved. 5, 203–209.
Lamarca, I. (2017). The literal sense and the spiritual understanding of Scripture according to St. Thomas Aquinas. 10, 341–373.
Lindsey, E. (2005). Reexamining Gender and Sexual Orientation: Revisioning the Representation of Queer and Trans People in the 2005 Edition of Our Bodies, Ourselves. NWSA Journal, 17, 184–189.
Mallaeva, Z. M., & Isubbuttaeva, A. K. (2021). LINGUA-COLOR PICTURE OF THE WORLD IN THE ASPECT OF COLOR DESIGNATIONS OF THE ENGLISH (BLACK AND WHITE) AND THE LAK (ÛãÃÂ¥IÃËœ BLACK AND ÃÅ¡IïÛàWHITE). Herald of Daghestan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Science.
Mischke, W. (2014). The Gospel of Purity for Oral Learners: Bible Dynamics for Blessing the Unreached.
Mittleman, A. L. (2018). Holiness and Judaism. Does Judaism Condone Violence?
Mora, C., Dowling, J. A., & RodrÃÂguez-Muñiz, M. (2021). Mostly Rich White Men, Nothing in Common: Latino Views on Political (Under) Representation in the Trump Era. American Behavioral Scientist, 65, 1180–1192.
Neusner, J. (2001). Midrash and Postmodern Inquiry: Suggestions Toward a Hermeneutics of Indeterminacy Dr. Neil Douglas-Klotz Holwell, Dorset, England A paper presented in the History of Interpretation Group at the 16th International Meeting of the Socity of Biblical Literature.
Nikulin, A., & Aleksiejuk, A. (2023). Spiritual Revelations from the Perspective of Holy Scripture and the Traditions of the Orthodox Church. Roczniki Teologiczne.
Phillips, C. (2023). Nevertheless, He Persisted: White Men and the Links Between Incumbency and Group Descriptive Representation. Political Research Quarterly, 76, 1691–1706.
Robinson, V. E., White, J., White, A. L., & White, E. (2016). THE CONJUGAL EXPERIENCE OF JAMES AND ELLEN WHITE¯: MEANINGS BUILT BY THE.
Shcherbakova, M. (2022). Leo Tolstoy’s Sevastopol Stories: Spiritual Meanings of the Crimean War. Studia Litteraria.
Sinnott, S. M., Park, C. L., George, J. R., Gnall, K. E., & David, A. (2023). Use of religious and spiritual responses after trauma to prevent posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidality: The role of meaning in life. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy.
Strings, S., Headen, I. E., & Spencer, B. (2019). Yoga as a technology of femininity: Disciplining white women, disappearing people of color in Yoga Journal. Fat Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Body Weight and Society, 8, 334–348.
Tabile, S. (2021). Understanding Holiness in Exodus 3 from the Lens of Biblical Spirituality. Scientia.
The Holiness Spectrum and Its Flaws. (2017).
White, L. J. (1995). Does the Bible Speak about Gays or Same-Sex Orientation? A Test Case in Biblical Ethics: Part I. Biblical Theology Bulletin, 25, 14–23.
Ziserman, P. (2024). You are a little old and a little white: the complex representation of diversity issues in late night television in Late Night (Ganatra, 2019). The Film Journal.
ÃÂûьüõÑÂ, ÃÅ. (2018). SPIRITUAL MEANING OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURE WITHIN TO ST. JEROME’S COMMENTARIES. Problems of Humanities. Philosophy.
æ¨继平, éƒÂ秀梅, & 王兴超. (2017). Metaphorical representation of moral concepts: Evidence from red/white color, left/right position and upright/skew font. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 49, 875–885.