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Resumen
- In the Bible the dove stands above all for the Holy Spirit, who came down on Jesus at his baptism “like a dove” (Matthew 3:16; Mark 1:10; Luke 3:22; John 1:32).
- Noah’s dove brought back “an olive leaf pluckt off,” the sign that the flood was over, which made the dove a sign of peace and a new start (Genesis 8:11).
- The Gospels do not say why the Spirit appeared as a dove; Tertullian saw in it “the creature (the emblem) of simplicity and innocence,” and Augustine a call to peace among Christians.
- Turtledoves or young pigeons were the offering the law allowed the poor, and Mary and Joseph offered “a pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons” for Jesus (Luke 2:24).
- Jesus told his apostles to be “wise as serpents, and harmless as doves” (Matthew 10:16).
- Christian art used the dove for the peace of the dead on early tombs, for the Holy Spirit in scenes of Christ’s baptism, and as a vessel for the Eucharist, like the Limoges dove of about 1215–35 in the Metropolitan Museum.
- The modern peace dove comes from the lithograph Picasso made for the 1949 peace congress in Paris, which drew on Noah’s dove.
Bibliografía (Haga clic para mostrar)
- The Holy Bible, King James Version: Genesis 1:2; 8:6–12; Leviticus 1:14; 5:7; 12:6–8; Psalm 55:6; 74:19; Song of Solomon 1:15; 2:12; 2:14; 5:2; Isaiah 38:1, 9, 14; 59:11; 60:8; Ezekiel 7:16; Hosea 7:11; 11:11; Matthew 3:16–17; 10:16; 21:12; Mark 1:10; Luke 2:22–24; 3:22; John 1:32; 2:16; Acts 2:3; 1 Peter 3:20–21, via BibleGateway.
- Catechism of the Catholic Church, paragraphs 694–701, “Symbols of the Holy Spirit,” vatican.va.
- The Symbol of Faith (Nicene Creed), Orthodox Church in America, oca.org.
- Tertullian, On Baptism, chapter 8, translated by S. Thelwall, Ante-Nicene Fathers vol. 3, New Advent.
- Augustine of Hippo, Tractates on the Gospel of John, Tractate 6, translated by John Gibb, Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, vol. 7, New Advent.
- Babylonian Talmud, Hagigah 15a, Soncino translation, ed. I. Epstein, halakhah.com.
- Emil G. Hirsch and I. M. Casanowicz, “Dove,” The Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 4 (1903), jewishencyclopedia.com.
- Strong’s Hebrew 3124, Yonah (Jonah), with the Brown-Driver-Briggs entry, Bible Hub.
- Arthur Barnes, “Dove,” The Catholic Encyclopedia, vol. 5 (1909), New Advent.
- Eucharistic Dove, Limoges, about 1215–35, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 17.190.344, metmuseum.org.
- Piero della Francesca, The Baptism of Christ, probably about 1437–1445, The National Gallery, London, NG665, nationalgallery.org.uk.
- “Jo-Jo La Colombe,” Paix et Liberté poster, 1951–52, catalogue note on Picasso’s 1949 dove, Victoria and Albert Museum, O106153, collections.vam.ac.uk.
- Pablo Picasso, The Dove, 1949, lithograph, Museu Picasso, Barcelona, MPB 70.106, museupicassobcn.cat.
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