揭秘天主教45 篇文章

路德宗与天主教:唯独信心、教皇与圣餐的比较



  • 路德宗与天主教徒共同信奉信经、婴儿洗礼、大部分古老的西方礼仪,并相信基督的身体和宝血确实临在于圣餐之中。
  • 他们在16世纪因称义和权威问题而分裂:路德宗主张唯独因信称义,以圣经为唯一准则;而天主教则主张圣经与圣传均由教宗和主教解释。
  • 1999年,世界路德宗联合会与天主教会签署了一份《联合声明》,在称义的基本真理上达成了共识,尽管密苏里路德会(Missouri Synod)并未签署,且仍将称义视为主要分歧。
  • 天主教承认七件圣事并主张变质说,而路德宗承认两到三件圣事,并主张基督的身体和宝血临在于、伴随着并包含在未改变的面饼和葡萄酒之中。
  • 天主教法典规定天主教徒不应在路德宗教堂领受圣餐;美国福音路德教会(ELCA)欢迎所有受过洗的访客,而密苏里路德会(LCMS)和威斯康星路德会(WELS)则实行封闭式圣餐。
  • 路德宗牧师可以结婚,ELCA也按立女性为牧师,而拉丁礼天主教神父通常为守独身的男性,LCMS和WELS则不按立女性。

Lutherans and Catholics share the creeds, infant baptism, a liturgy descended from the medieval Mass, and belief that Christ’s body and blood are truly present in the bread and wine. They parted in the 1500s over how a sinner is made right with God and over authority: Scripture alone, or Scripture and Tradition as taught by the pope and bishops. The quarrel began with words, and some of the healing has too. In 1530 Luther’s followers set out their faith…

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