Christian Pure

The Parable of the Good Samaritan: Meaning of Luke 10:25–37

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概要

  • Jesus told the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25–37) to a lawyer who asked, “And who is my neighbor?”
  • A priest and a Levite pass a man left half dead on the Jerusalem–Jericho road; a Samaritan binds his wounds, takes him to an inn and pays two denarii, about two days’ wages, for his care.
  • Jesus turns the question from “Who is my neighbor?” to “Which of these three … proved to be a neighbor?” and ends, “You go, and do likewise.”
  • Jews and Samaritans had been enemies for generations, so a Samaritan hero overturned what the first listeners expected.
  • Luke gives no reason the priest and Levite passed by; readers have proposed ritual purity, fear of robbers, or simple storytelling, and scholars disagree.
  • Irenaeus, Origen, Jerome and Augustine also read the Samaritan as Christ and the inn as the church; Calvin rejected that reading, while Luther, Orthodox preachers and recent popes keep it beside the plain command.
  • Van Gogh painted the Samaritan lifting the wounded man in May 1890, from a black-and-white print of Delacroix; Rembrandt painted the story in 1630 and etched it in 1633.

The parable of the Good Samaritan is the story Jesus told a lawyer who wanted to know who counts as a neighbor. In Luke 10:25–37 robbers leave a man half dead on the road to Jericho. A priest and a Levite pass by. A Samaritan, from a people the listeners counted as enemies, stops and cares for him. What happens in the parable? Luke sets the story on Jesus’ last journey, after “he set his face to go to Jerusalem”…

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参考文献（クリックして表示）
  • The Holy Bible, English Standard Version (Luke 9:51–56, 10:25–37, 17:11–19; Leviticus 19:18, 19:34, 21:1–2; Deuteronomy 6:5; Joshua 15:7; 2 Kings 17:24; 2 Chronicles 28:15; Matthew 20:2; John 4:9, 8:48), via BibleGateway. https://www.biblegateway.com/
  • The Holy Bible, King James Version (Luke 10:25–37), via BibleGateway. https://www.biblegateway.com/
  • Mishnah Nazir 7:1, William Davidson Edition, Sefaria. https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Nazir.7.1
  • フラウィウス・ヨセフス、 ユダヤ古代誌, book 13, chapter 9, section 1, and book 18, chapter 2, section 2, translated by William Whiston, Project Gutenberg. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2848
  • イレネオ、 『異端反駁』, book 3, chapter 17, New Advent. https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0103317.htm
  • “St. Irenaeus,” Catholic Encyclopedia (1910), New Advent. https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08130b.htm
  • オリゲネス、 Homilies on Luke, homily 34, as excerpted in “Origen on the Parable of the Good Samaritan,” Verbum, 3 August 2021. https://blog.verbum.com/2021/08/origen-on-the-parable-of-the-good-samaritan/
  • アウグスティヌス、 『キリスト教教育論』, book 1, chapters 30–33, New Advent. https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/12021.htm
  • アウグスティヌス、 ヨハネによる福音書講話, tractate 43, New Advent. https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/1701043.htm
  • Jerome, Letter 108 (to Eustochium, on Paula), New Advent. https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3001108.htm
  • ジャン・カルヴァン、 福音書調和注解, vol. 3, on Luke 10:25–37, Christian Classics Ethereal Library. https://www.ccel.org/c/calvin/comment3/comm_vol33/htm/viii.htm
  • Pope John Paul II, 『苦しみの意味』（Salvifici Doloris）, apostolic letter, 11 February 1984, sections 28–30. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_letters/1984/documents/hf_jp-ii_apl_11021984_salvifici-doloris.html
  • 教皇フランシスコ、『愛の喜び』 フラテッリ・トゥッティ, encyclical, 3 October 2020, chapter 2 (sections 81 and 85). https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20201003_enciclica-fratelli-tutti.html
  • Fr. Daniel C. Kovalak, “What more can a good Samaritan do?”, Orthodox Church in America. https://www.oca.org/reflections/fr.-daniel-c.-kovalak/what-more-can-a-good-samaritan-do
  • Amy-Jill Levine, “The Many Faces of the Good Samaritan—Most Wrong,” Biblical Archaeology Review, January/February 2012, reprinted by Christian Ethics Today. https://christianethicstoday.com/wp/the-many-faces-of-the-good-samaritan-most-wrong/
  • Richard Bauckham, “The Scrupulous Priest and the Good Samaritan: Jesus’ Parabolic Interpretation of the Law of Moses,” New Testament Studies 44, no. 4 (1998): 475–489. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0028688500016684
  • Martin Luther King Jr., “I’ve Been to the Mountaintop,” Mason Temple, Memphis, 3 April 1968, AFSCME. https://afscme.org/about/history/mlk/mountaintop/
  • “Picture of the Week: The Ascent of Adummim,” BiblePlaces.com, May 2013. https://www.bibleplaces.com/blog/2013/05/picture-of-week-ascent-of-adummim/
  • “The very ancient Passover of the tiny Samaritan religion,” National Geographic, 19 April 2019. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/samaritan-passover
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  • Martin Luther, Church Postil sermon for the Thirteenth Sunday after Trinity (Luke 10:23–37), The Sermons of Martin Luther, vol. 5 (Lenker edition), as reproduced by Covenant Nurture, 17 August 2012. https://covenantnurture.wordpress.com/2012/08/17/martin-luther-on-luke-1025-37/
  • Pope Benedict XVI, Angelus, 15 July 2007. https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/angelus/2007/documents/hf_ben-xvi_ang_20070715.html
  • “Understanding Good Samaritan Law Protection,” Purdue Global Law School. https://www.purduegloballawschool.edu/blog/news/understanding-good-samaritan-law
  • Vermont Statutes, title 12, § 519, “Emergency medical care” (1967, No. 309, effective 22 March 1968). https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/12/023/00519
  • “Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati Historic Firsts,” Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati. https://www.srcharitycinti.org/about/historic_firsts_sc.htm
  • Vincent van Gogh to Theo van Gogh, Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, on or about 2 May 1890, letter 866, Vincent van Gogh: The Letters (Van Gogh Museum and Huygens ING). https://vangoghletters.org/vg/letters/let866/letter.html
  • Vincent van Gogh, The Good Samaritan (after Delacroix), early May 1890, Kröller-Müller Museum, KM 104.010. https://www.krollermuller.nl/en/collection/vincent-van-gogh-the-good-samaritan-after-delacroix-km-104-010
  • “Young Vincent,” “Looking for a direction” and “Vincent’s final months,” Van Gogh Museum. https://www.vangoghmuseum.nl/en/art-and-stories/vincents-life-1853-1890
  • Eugène Delacroix, 善きサマリア人, 1852, Victoria and Albert Museum, CAI.63. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O81598/the-good-samaritan-oil-painting-delacroix-eugene/
  • Rembrandt, 善きサマリア人, 1630, Wallace Collection, P203. https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=65137&viewType=detailView
  • Rembrandt, 善きサマリア人, etching, engraving and drypoint, 1633, Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession 41.1.53, public domain (Open Access record). https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/364148

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