Russian 
English 
Chinese 
Dutch 
Arabic 
Spanish 
Portuguese 
French 
Italian 
German 
Japanese 
Continue reading with a subscription
Get unlimited access to all our premium content and exclusive features.
Enjoy unlimited access, cancel anytime.
Краткое содержание
- There are no seven princes of hell in the Bible. The list was set out by Peter Binsfeld, suffragan bishop of Trier, in a 1589 treatise on the confessions of accused witches.
- The seven deadly sins are also not a biblical set: Evagrius Ponticus listed eight thoughts in the fourth century, and Gregory the Great reduced them to seven around 590.
- Of the seven names, Satan and Beelzebul are biblical; Lucifer is a Vulgate rendering of “morning star” in a taunt against the king of Babylon; Leviathan is a sea creature in Job 41; Mammon is an Aramaic word for wealth; Asmodeus is from Tobit; Belphegor mangles the place name Baal-Peor.
- Scripture gives no hierarchy or chart. Paul names none of the “rulers, authorities, powers” in Ephesians 6:12, and the armour he lists contains no names or techniques.
- In Acts 19:13-16, using a name as a technique goes badly wrong.
Библиография (нажмите, чтобы показать)
Sources: Peter Binsfeld, Tractatus de confessionibus maleficorum et sagarum (Trier, 1589), for the pairing of demons with the seven deadly sins; Evagrius Ponticus on the eight thoughts, John Cassian’s transmission of them, and Gregory the Great’s reduction to seven (c. 590). Scripture quotations from the NIV via BibleGateway (John 8:44; Matthew 12:24; 6:24; 2 Kings 1:2; Isaiah 14:4, 12; Job 41; Numbers 25; Ephesians 6:12-18; James 4:7; Acts 19:13-16). Asmodeus appears in Tobit, which is canonical in Catholic and Orthodox Bibles and not in Protestant ones.
