托拉与圣经:有什么区别?



  • 托拉(Torah)即摩西五经,包括创世记、出埃及记、利未记、民数记和申命记,它们是犹太教圣经和每一部基督教圣经的开篇。
  • 托拉意为教导或训诲,犹太人也用这个词来指代整个塔纳赫(Tanakh)、米示拿(Mishnah)和塔木德(Talmud)中的口传托拉,以及整个犹太教的教义。
  • 犹太教圣经即塔纳赫,由托拉、先知书和圣卷三部分共24卷书组成,因此托拉只是旧约圣经的前五卷,而非全部。
  • 新教将同样的著作计为39卷,天主教旧约圣经有46卷,而通常遵循希腊语《七十士译本》的东正教圣经则更多。
  • 在犹太会堂中,托拉是以手抄卷轴的形式按54个周次进行诵读的,在妥拉节(Simchat Torah)时,年度诵读周期结束并重新开始。
  • 基督徒持守托拉的道德诫命,而天主教、东正教、圣公会和归正宗的文献均指出,其礼仪和饮食律法对基督徒并无约束力。

The Torah is the first five books of the Bible, the books of Moses. Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy open the Jewish Bible and every Christian Bible alike, so the Torah sits inside the Bible as its opening. The Hebrew word means teaching, and Jews also use it for all Jewish teaching. The Bible is the larger collection, and its contents depend on who is reading it. The Jewish Bible is the Tanakh, 24 books in three parts: the…

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